Quizes Exam 3

Question 1

An epiphyseal plate fracture directed along the entire width of the physis (slipped epiphysis) in a young animal would be classified as a:

Answer 1

a. Salter Type I

type II is along physis and into metaphysis
type III is along physis and through epiphyseal plae into the joint
type IV is across physis, metaphysis, and through epiphysis
type V is compression/crushing injury to epiphyseal palte w/o displacement

Question 2

20. A fractured long bone that had 4 pieces and an external wound that communicated with the fracture site would be classified as open and comminuted

Answer 2

a. True

Question 3

21. The expected fracture pattern in a long bone subjected to a pure compression force would be:

Answer 3

a. Oblique- compression

comminuted- bending
spiral oblique- torsion
avulsion fracture- tension at point of muscel attachement

Question 4

22. A comminuted fracture requires the applied implant to function in which mode?

Answer 4

a. Buttress

Question 5

23. Surgical incision into the abdomen is termed a celiotomy.

Answer 5

a. True

Question 6

24. When performing a caudal abdominal in the male dog, it is necessary to ligate which vessels?

Answer 6

a. Caudal superficial epigastric vessels

Question 7

25. Failure to reappose which muscle with suture may lead to misalignment of the prepuce following a caudal approach to the abdomen in the male dog?

Answer 7

a. Prepultialis m.

Question 8

26. Which muscle is exposed if you stray off of the center of the linea alba?

Answer 8

a. Rectus abdominus m.

Question 9

27. Which abdominal layer has the greatest suture holding strength?

Answer 9

a. External leaf of the rectus sheath

Question 10

28. Even if done properly, closing the linea alba with a simple continuos pattern increases the risk of dehiscence?

Answer 10

a. False

Question 11

1. Which of the following is considered the “gold standard’ for bone grafts because it functions in all aspects of bone regeneration?

Answer 11

a. Cancellous bone autograft

Question 12

2. The preferred method to diagnosis the causative organism of osteomyelitis is to swab the draining tract and streak it on blood agar.

Answer 12

a. False

Question 13

3. A study done here at Iowa State demonstrated that swimming resulted in a greater range of motion in the stifle and tarsus in the dog than did walking.

Answer 13

a. True

Question 14

4. What are the benefits of post operative rehabilitation following orthopedic surgery?
   a. Increase range of motion
   b. Improved cartilage nutrition
   c. Decreased adhesions and periarticular fibrosis

Answer 14

d. All of the above

Question 15

5. Which of the following procedures could not be performed using laparoscopy at this time?

Answer 15

a. Gastrotomy

Question 16

6. In evaluating a synovial aspirate for possible septic arthritis, if only a small amount of fluid is obtained, the first priority is to:

Answer 16

a. Perform a direct smear

Question 17

7. Following an acute injury, it is almost always a good idea to apply local hypothermia (cryotherapy) for the first _____ hours.

Answer 17

a. 72

Question 18

8. What procedure does NOT rely on triangulation to perform necessary tasks?

Answer 18

a. Endoscopy

Question 19

9. The gas most commonly used to produce pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy is _________.

Answer 19

a. Carbon dioxide

Question 20

10. What is the name of this splint?

Answer 20

a. Kimzey leg saver splint

Question 21

11. In the secondary bone healing with callus formation, the most favorable mechanical environment for bone formation is:

Answer 21

a. Tension

Question 22

12. An autogenous cancellous bone graft can be collected for all of the bones listed except the:
    a. Proximal humerus
    b. Mid-diaphysis of the radius
    c. Proximal tibia
    d. Rib

Answer 22

b. Mid-diaphysis of the radius

Question 23

13. This fracture healing can be best characterized as:

picture of leg w/ screws/rod

Answer 23

a. Secondary bone healing

Question 24

14. To adequately stabilize a limb fracture for transport, it is important to try to immobilize the joint above and below the fracture

Answer 24

a. True

Question 25

15. Fractures of the femur cannot be adequately immobilized with a cast or splint for emergency transport.

Answer 25

a. True

Question 26

16. A fracture of the first or second phalanx of the front limb in the horse requires a _____________ for emergency immobilization for transport.

Answer 26

a. Sheet cotton bandage with a dorsal splint from the carpus to the ground.

Question 27

17. Horses with fractures of the forelimbs should be transported facing rearward.

Answer 27

a. True

Question 28

18. Fractures of the humerus, ulna or scapula disarm the triceps apparatus which causes the animal to present with a dropped elbow, flexed carpus and inability to extend the limb and bear weight. A splint down the caudal aspect of the limb from the ground to the elbow is indicated to help the horse support his weight.

Answer 28

a. True

Question 29

A fracture with a sharp fixed fragment penetrating the skin would be classified as :

Answer 29

Grade 1

Grade 2, external trauma/severe soft tissue injury
Grade 3 extensive soft tissue trauma. ie high energy gun shot wound