Quiz3

Question 1

Effects of acute infection

Answer 1

1. Systemic acute phase mobilizes nutrients for increased needs of: activated immune system, energy production, tissue repair
2. Effects on body systems:
   Striated muscle wasting, degradation of performance-related metabolic enzymes, deteriorated central circulatory function

Question 2

Effects of acute infection- vitals

Answer 2

High RHR

Increased susceptibility to orthostatic hypotension

Question 3

Exercise and immune function

J-curve hypothesis

Answer 3

Study on trained athletes
Risk of illness according to level of physical activity

Exercise at “moderate” level:
Enhanced immunity, fewer illnesses
Shorter duration of illnesses compared to no exercise

Exercise at “high” level:
Increased risk of infections during intense training/post-major competitions

Let high function pts rest; low function pts (IP) are more likely to benefit from some activity as won’t be doing high level exercise anyway - don’t exhaust them and monitor vitals

Question 4

___ is Inflammation and destruction of bond caused by bacteria, mycobacteria, or fungi

Answer 4

Osteomyelitis

Question 5

Strong IV-antibiotics to treat osteomyelitis, side effects that may impact PT?

Answer 5

Serious reaction (incl anaphylaxis) 
Low BP
Wheezing 
Indigestion 
Hives or itching 
“Red man syndrome”- upper body flushing 
Dizziness 
Pain and muscle spasm of chest and back 
Pain, redness, tenderness at IV site 
Neuro- or Nephro- Toxicity

Question 6

Withdrawal- alcohol

Answer 6

Symptoms may appear w/in 6-24 hrs and are most severe after 36-72 hours

PT- no exercise during active withdrawal
PT may be consulted when pt more arousable and not agitated - to assess mobility for transfers and ability to ambulate safely

Question 7

Pathologies related to substance abuse

Answer 7

Direct cause or contributor to > 200 diseases/conditions

Overall decline in immune system function
Decreased effectiveness of vaccinations (esp flu and pneumonia)

Implication for critically ill pt w/ hx of substance abuse:
More intensive medical interventions, longer hospital stays, more complications (assoc w withdrawal), often need higher doses of medications, higher rates of mortality