Quiz 1

Question 1

Bias in clinical reasoning (4)

Answer 1

1. Prior info about dx
2. Confirmation bias
3. Memory bias
4. Conservatism

Question 2

Structuring exam to confirm what you suspect is true is ____

Answer 2

Confirmation bias

Question 3

Influenced by a past patient episode of care is example of ____

Answer 3

Memory bias

Question 4

Continue to maintain initial hypothesis despite gathering info that does NOT support it is example of ____

Answer 4

Conservatism

Question 5

Making justified deductions based on what is obviously relevant

Answer 5

Logical thinking

Question 6

Taking info that may not have a clear connection to the health condition and considers possibility that there is a cause-effect relationship

Answer 6

Lateral thinking

Includes the development of a hypothesis and pursuit of info to support or eliminate that hypothesis

Question 7

____ reasoning generally involves experience to identify a clinical pattern

Answer 7

Inductive reasoning

Treatments may follow a protocol
Ex: clinical prediction rule

Question 8

Inductive reasoning-> ____

Answer 8

Pattern recognition

Question 9

____ reasoning- form a hypothesis on the basis of info gathered in exam (results of PMH, interview, and clinical exam evaluated to develop a hypothesis)

Answer 9

Deductive reasoning

Include multiple variables to determine dx or treatment plan
Ex: ICF model

Question 10

Emphasis on function of patient, not on the health condition (diagnosis)

Answer 10

ICF

Question 11

Classification system used to describe the health of a person at a particular point in time

Answer 11

ICF

Question 12

2 main ICF components

Answer 12

1: functioning and disability
2: contextual factors

Question 13

ICF:
Part 1- functioning and disability
Includes?

Answer 13

Body function and structures

Activities and participation

Question 14

ICF:
Part 2- contextual factors
Includes?

Answer 14

Environmental factors

Personal factors

Question 15

ICF:
Part 2- contextual factors
Environmental factors

Answer 15

Not within the person’s control: gov’t agencies, laws , religious and personal beliefs

Also includes family and work

Question 16

ICF:
Part 2- contextual factors
Personal factors

Answer 16

Race, gender, age, educational level, coping styles…

Question 17

Physical activity and physical fitness are immensely powerful in their ability to ….

Answer 17

Both prolong and enhance the QOL

Question 18

MET-hours per week
Mortality
About 70% of benefit reaches by ___

Answer 18

8.25 MET-hours per week

Question 19

___% reduce mortality in highly active vs low active men

Answer 19

22%

Question 20

Men over 65, mortality reduces by __% for activity

Answer 20

33% moderate activity
45% vigorous activity

19% drop in mortality with physical activity

Question 21

Physical pam’s mortality

More pronounced benefit from exercise in __

Answer 21

Women than in men

Activities not limited to aerobic exercise- and includes gardening, housework and dancing

Question 22

Resistance training of 30 minutes or more per week is associated with

Answer 22

A 23% lower risk of coronary heart disease

Question 23

____ is greater than obesity, smoking, high cholesterol and DM combined for all-cause mortality

Answer 23

Low CRF (cardio respiratory fitness)

Question 24

The primary reason to emphasize a physically active lifestyle is to avoid the “disease syndrome”
aka “downward spiral of chronic disease” which includes….

Answer 24

1. Low functional capacity
2. Reduced gait speed
3. Loss of independence
4. Increased weight gain
5. Insulin resistance
6. Gradual deterioration towards disability
7. Higher all-cause mortality rates

Question 25

Appx ___ of population is totally sedentary and ___of population does not meet DHHS guidelines for physical activity

Answer 25

1/4 totally sedentary

2/3 don’t meet guidelines for activity