QUIZ week 9_Digestion Flashcards
If you found a vertebrate skull in the woods and the teeth were sharp and scissor-like, what type of food would you expect this animal to eat?
a. blood
b. flower nectar
c. grass
d. insects
e. flesh or another animal
e. Flesh or an other animal
How would a human’s diet need to be modified if the gallbladder has been removed?
You wouldn’t be able to digest lipids, and therefore have to modify your fat or lipid intake.
Avoid high-fat foods, and only eat low-fat foods.
The ______ of birds develops from the lower portion of the esophagus and is used to store food.
a. Liver
b. Crop
c. Gizzard
d. Cecum
e. Omasum
b. Crop
When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?
a. Bile salts from gallbladder emulsifies the hydrochloric acid.
b. When pepsinogen activates pepsin, one result is the neutralization of stomach acid in the stomach.
c. Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralize the stomach acid.
d. Cholecystokinin stimulates release of basic molecules to neutralize the influx of acid contents from the stomach.
e. Enterokinase activates trypsinogen, thus neutralizing the stomach acid.
c. Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralize the stomach acid.
Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with it’s function?
a. oral cavity - starch digestion
b. large intestine - bile production
c. pancreas - enzyme production
d. small intestine - nutrient absorption
e. stomach - protein digestion
b. large intestine - bile production
Where are the enzymes that digest carbohydrates produced?
Salivary glands, under tongue and behind tongue
Where are most nutrients absorbed?
Small intestine
Where is bile produced?
Liver, stored in gallbladder
Which structure(s) are not involved in digestion or absorption?
tongue, salivary glands, and pancreas
Where are the enzymes that digest lipids produced?
Lipase is secreted from mainly the pancreas, stomach and mouth.
Bile also breaks down fats but is not an enzyme. Bile breaks down the fat first so it is easier for the lipases to digest the emulsified fats (smaller droplets). This is because some break down of fats has already occurred and makes for a larger surface area for lipase to act on.
Compared with an adult frog, a tadpole has a much larger intestine relative to its body size. What does this suggest about the diets of these two stages in a frog;s life history?
this might suggest that a tadpole may need a larger intestine to digest and absorb more of what they eat such as a vegetarian diet which need more time to keep up with the ingestion of fibrous plants and algae to be able to be adequately digested and to be absorbed.
Why is it important to break down larger chunks of food into smaller pieces?
a. bile acid can only bind to smaller pieces of food.
b. smaller pieces of food taste better than larger pieces of food.
c. Smaller pieces of food are more easily stored in the stomach than larger pieces of food.
d. Smaller pieces of food are easier to excrete than are larger pieces of food.
e. Smaller pieces of food have more surface area for chemical digestion than do larger pieces of food.
e. Smaller pieces of food have more surface area for chemical digestion than do larger pieces of food.
Explain how a gastrovascular cavity differs from an alimentary canal.
The gastrovascular cavity differs from the alimentary canal in the number of openings they have. The gastrovascular cavity has one opening (mouth) while the alimentary canal has two, (mouth, and anus).
An advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity is that the complete system:
a. allows extensive branching
b. allows ingestion of food while earlier meals are still being digested.
c. facilitates intracellular digestion.
d. allows specialized functions in specialized regions.
e. excludes the need for extracellular digestion.
d. allows specialized functions in specialized regions.
In animals, an advantage of extracellular digestion over intracellular digestion is that:
a. the products of extracellular digestion can be absorbed into all body cells w/out the need for a transport system.
b. all four types of macromolecules can be digested instead of just carbohydrates.
c. larger molecules are broken down into smaller molecules by digestive enzymes.
d. larger pieces of food can be ingested and then digested.
e. a greater surface area is available for the absorption of digested nutrients.
d. larger pieces of food can be ingested and then digested.
