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n233 final > QUIZ- vulnerability > Flashcards

QUIZ- vulnerability Flashcards

1
Q

what is vulnerability?

A

the quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally

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2
Q

CNA code of ethics and vulnerability?

A

recognize the potential of vulnerability of persons receiving care and do not exploit their trust and dependency in a way that might compromise the therapeutic relationship

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3
Q

dimensions of vulnerability?

-social, psychological, physical

A

social: demographic data in relation to potential for illness
psychological: actual/potential harm to identify of self/emotional effects
physical: physiological state and susceptibility to morbidity/mortality

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4
Q

vulnerability in perioperative patients?

A
  • increased risk of harm
  • needing surgery can create feeling of loss of power
  • anxiety can effect health outcomes: predominately prolongs recovery time
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5
Q

key findings in the semi-structured interviews of 10 nurses in perioperative environment?

A
  • vulnerability exists! needs to be managed appropriately!
  • the importance of holistic approach
  • value of integrity, advocacy, empathy, and presence
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6
Q

QSEN?

A

quality safety education for nurses

-six QSEN competencies

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7
Q

6 QSEN competencies?

A
  • patient centered care
  • teamwork and collaboration
  • evidence based practice
  • quality improvement
  • safety
  • informatics
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8
Q

why are the QSEN competencies important?

A

-you must understand them so you are aware when practicing and reduce harm of the patient, increase safety for your self too

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9
Q

history of informed consent…?

A
  • modern informed consent came from the nuremberg trials (1947) in germany… conducted on patients without their consent and without letting them know the the risks of those trials
  • concluded that all experiments and all trials involving humans should be coded and informed consent taken
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10
Q

informed consent is for:

A

any invasive or minimally invasive procedure

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11
Q

consent=

A

voluntary agreement to some act or purpose made by a capable invdividual

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12
Q

a client or substitute decision maker must be: (to give consent)

A
  • adequately informed
  • capable of giving/refusing consent
  • free from coercion, fraud, or mirepresentation
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13
Q

ethical considerations of consent?

A
  • support clients with reduced capacity to make decisions that they are capable of
  • obligated to take action if any concerns about consent
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14
Q

physicians role for informed consent?

A
  • inform of the procedure and risks
  • inform of the benefits and alternatives
  • provide an opportunity to ask questions
  • inform of their ability to withdraw consent
  • inform if the protocol differs from the actual procedure
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15
Q

consent is valid if:

A
  • it is freely given without coercion
  • patient is competent
  • it is provided in writing
  • pt is able to understand
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16
Q

nurses role for informed consent?

A
  • may ask the patient to sign
  • may witness the patient signing
  • clarifies the patients understanding
  • ensure the patient is not impaired prior to signing
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17
Q

what is informed consent required for?

A
  • invasive procedures
  • radiation
  • non-surgical procedure with more than slight risk
  • procedure involving sedation or anesthesia
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18
Q

who can provide informed consent?

A
  • individual (pt)
  • surrogate (pt not of age or competent)
  • emancipated minor
  • physician in an emergency
19
Q

informed consent process (4)

A
  1. assess any barriers to communication and understanding
  2. obtain decision and consent
  3. re-establish consent
  4. assess for coercion
20
Q

infants act?

A
  • legislation related to persons under the age of 19
  • provides rules for qualification as a “mature” minor… we assess who is a mature minor
  • mature minor can make own health care decisions independent of parents
21
Q

when can a mature minor consent to healthcare and treatment in their best interest (if HCP believes they understand…?)

A
  • what the treatment involves
  • risks/benefits
  • need for treatment
22
Q

implications of the infants act

A

-no set age for when someone can give consent

23
Q

informed consent is a legal mandate, but it also helps…

A

to psychologically prepare the patient by ensuring that the patient understands the surgery

24
Q

is consent valid if the pt was under meds that can affect judgement and decision making?

A

NOPE!

25
Q

if legal age and mentally capable, pt personally signs form… if not…

A
  • surrogate
  • emancipated minor (married or independently living)
  • in an emergency: surgeon
26
Q

ways to improve consent process?

A
  • audiovisual material or discussion
  • ensure content is understandable
  • braille—> sign language
  • multiple languages or interpreter for diff cultures
27
Q

voluntary consent=

A

freely given without coercion

-18 y/0 unless emancipated

28
Q

incompetent pt=

A

individual who is not autonomous and cannot give or without consent

29
Q

informed subject=

A

should be in writing
-should contain: explanation of procedure and risks, description of benefits and alternatives, an offer to answer questions, instructions

30
Q

patient must be able to comprehend so…

A
  • if non-english: in a language that is understandable
  • trained medical interpreter
  • alternative formats
  • questions answered
31
Q

what is a fundamental principle of the health care consent and care facility admission act?

A

presumption of capability

-assume pt can give consent unless there is a reason to believe otherwise

32
Q

advanced directive=

A

a consent or a refusal in advance of the need for health care

33
Q

substitute decision maker=

A

authorized under a representation agreement to make particular health care decisions

34
Q

three main themes of vulnerability?

A
  1. labels
  2. recognition
  3. management
35
Q

labels as a theme of vulnerability?

A

Classification into groups heightened awareness of existing vulnerability within specific groups prior to surgical intervention & alerted practioners to utilize effective management strategies

36
Q

recognition as a theme of vulnerability?

A
  • Physical & behavioral signs were identified along with awareness of the patient’s state of mind & the anxietal state caused by the environment, surgery & perception
  • Patients appearance, vital signs, trembling, rigidity
    Manifests differently in each patient
37
Q

management as a theme of vulnerability?

A
  • Professional qualities & strategies
  • Professional, communication and personal alongside the value of presence
  • Knowledge & experience was imperative knowledge and experience was imperative knowledge of their role, being confident and competent
  • Observation skills facilitated assessment & subsequent planning and implementation of care designed to meet the patient needs
    Dignity & respect
38
Q

aim of the qualitative study of perioperative patients and vulnerability?

A

-reduce preoperative anxiety, therefore minimizing postop complications, promoting patient outcomes

39
Q

etic perceptions=

A

anaesthetic, surgery, environment with equipment and unknown surroundings

40
Q

emic perceptions=

A

previous and current life experiences, individual responses to these

41
Q

actual vs. potential vulnerability?

A

Actual vulnerability: known circumstances rending an individual susceptible while potential vulnerability is defined as circumstances which may or may not cause vulnerability

42
Q

precedents to vulnerability?

A

o Surgical intervention
o Admittance to hospital for surgery
o Undergo general anesthesia or regional
o Preparation for surgery
Exposure to a stressor causing an anxiety response

43
Q

aggravating factors to vulnerability?

A

-fear, anxiety, anticipated pain and discomfort, fear of unknown, fear for ones life

n233 final (11 decks)

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