Quiz Review- Personality Theory

Question 1

Freud- Defense Mechanisms

Answer 1

Repression, Denial, Displacement, Projection, Regression, Sublimation, Reaction Formation, Rationalization, Repression, Internationalization

Question 2

Repression

Answer 2

an
unconscious mechanism
employed by ego to keep
disturbing or threatening
thoughts from becoming
conscious

Question 3

Denial

Answer 3

blocking
external events from
awareness. If some
situation is too much to
handle, the person refuses
to experience it.

Question 4

Displacement

Answer 4

Satisfying an impulse,
such as aggression with a
substitute object

Question 5

Regression

Answer 5

When one is faced with
stress, this is movement
back in psychological
time

Question 6

Sublimation

Answer 6

Satisfying an impulse,
such as aggression, with a
substitute object in a
socially acceptable way

Question 7

Reaction Formation

Answer 7

Acting in exactly the
opposite way to one’s
unacceptable impulses

Question 8

Rationalization

Answer 8

Creating false excuses for
one’s unacceptable
feelings, thoughts, or
behavior

Question 9

Regression

Answer 9

Unknowingly placing an
unpleasant memory or
though in the unconscious

Question 10

Internationalization

Answer 10

Dealing with emotional
conflict or stress by
excessive use of thinking
and generalization

Question 11

Projection

Answer 11

Involves individuals
attributing their own
unacceptable thoughts,
feelings, and motives to
another person

Question 12

Freud- ID

Answer 12

part of the unconscious mind. The ID pursues
immediate gratification. The ID exists from birth. It remains
the same throughout a persons life and does not change with
time or experience. The ID is not affected by reality, logic, or
experience.

Question 13

Freud- Ego

Answer 13

according to the reality principle, often
compromising or postponing satisfaction to avoid negative
consequences of society. The ego considers social realities
and norms, etiquette and rules in deciding how to behave.
Ego develops within 2-3 years of age.

Question 14

Freud- Superego

Answer 14

the aspect of personality that holds all of our
internalized moral about right and wrong taught by parents
and society. Emerges around age 3-5.

Question 15

Behaviorists

Answer 15

argue that behavior is personality and that the
way most people think of the term personality is meaningless.
‘Personality’ is determined by the environment.

Question 16

B.F Skinner

Answer 16

Behaviorists
criticized for
failing to recognise the importance of cognition (thinking) in
personality.

Question 17

Humanistic

Answer 17

view people as innately
good and able to determine their own destinies through
freewill.
self-concept and self-esteem

Question 18

Self-concept

Answer 18

made up of one’s ideas, self-knowledge, and
the social self to form the self as whole.

Question 19

Self-esteem

Answer 19

reflects an individual’s overall subjective
emotional evaluation of their own worth.

Question 20

Abraham Maslow

Answer 20

The Hierarchy of Needs

Question 21

The Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 21

Each individual’s personality may be unique, but we all face
the same set of needs.

Question 22

Self-actualization

Answer 22

reaching your full potential as a person.

Question 23

Projective Tests

Answer 23

used by psychoanalysts. They
involved asking people to interpret ambiguous stimuli.

Question 24

Rorschach inkblot

Answer 24

involve showing people a series of
inkbots

Question 25

Thematic Apperception Test

Answer 25

projective psychological test. Proponents of the technique assert that subjects’ responses, in the narratives they make up about ambiguous pictures of people, reveal their underlying motives, concerns, and the way they see the social world.

Question 26

Self-report Inventories

Answer 26

Self-report inventories are questionnaires that ask people to provide information about themselves.

Question 27

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Answer 27

567 true/false questions. 18 years and older. Takes 60/90 minutes to complete. 10 clinical scales that assess dimensions of personality. Has 9 validity scales to detect response styles.

Question 28

Barnum Effect

Answer 28

People have he tendency to see themselves in vague, stock descriptions of personality.

Question 29

Jungian Archetypes

Answer 29

collective unconscious contains archetypes that Jung defined as universal concepts we all share as part of the human species. Each has a core desire. For example, the Hero’s core desire is to prove one’s worth through courageous and difficult action.

Question 30

Self-Efficacy

Answer 30

Albert Bandura an individual's belief in his or her innate ability to achieve goals. People with a high self-efficacy are optimistic about their ability to get things done while people with low self-efficacy feel powerless.

Question 31

Locus of Control

Answer 31

Julian Rotter A person can be described as having either an internal locus of control or an external locus of control.

Question 32

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 32

feel as if they are responsible for what happens to them.

Question 33

External Locus of Control

Answer 33

generally believe that luck and other forces outside of their own control determine their destinies.

Question 34

Collective Efficacy

Answer 34

a group's shared belief in their ability to successfully organize and execute the actions needed to achieve a specific goal or outcome

Question 35

Independent Efficacy

Answer 35

an individual's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task

Question 36

Trait

Answer 36

we can describe people’s personalities by identifying general traits.

Question 37

Hans Eyesnck

Answer 37

introversion-extraversion scale and a stable-unstable

Question 38

Paul Costa and Robert McCrae

Answer 38

The Big Five Personality Traits

Question 39

The Big Five Personality Traits

Answer 39

Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness, and Emotional Stability (Neuroticism).

Question 40

Extraversion

Answer 40

Joiner, Talkative, Active, Affectionate

Question 41

Agreeableness

Answer 41

Trusting, Lenient, Soft-hearted, Good-natured

Question 42

Conscientiouss

Answer 42

Conscientious, Hard-working, Well-organized, Punctual

Question 43

Openness

Answer 43

Imaginative, Creative, Original, Curious

Question 44

Emotional Stability (Neurotisim)

Answer 44

Worried, Temperamental, Self-conscious, Emotional