Quiz: Respiration

Question 1

Define cellular respiration

Answer 1

Cellular respiration is what cells do to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy. It takes in food and uses it to create ATP, a chemical which the cell uses for energy.

Question 2

Write the general equation for photosynthesis

Answer 2

(6)CO2 + (6)H2O —-> C(6)H(12)O(6) + (6)O2

Question 3

Write the general equation for cellular respiration.

Answer 3

C(6)H(12)O(6) + O2 —–> CO2 + H2O + energy

Question 4

How efficient is the human body in extracting energy from glucose?

Answer 4

40%

Question 5

Define homeotherm

Answer 5

An organism that maintains its body temperature at a constant level, usually above that of the environment, by its metabolic activity.

Question 6

Define poikilotherm

Answer 6

An organism (as a frog) with a variable body temperature that tends to fluctuate with and is similar to or slightly higher than the temperature of its environment.

Question 7

Why did the hamster consume more oxygen than the frog?

Answer 7

It takes more energy to maintain a constant body temperature.

Question 8

Name the major respiratory organ found in fish.

Answer 8

Gills

Question 9

Name the major respiratory organ found in insects.

Answer 9

Trachea

Question 10

Name the major respiratory organ found in birds and mammals.

Answer 10

Lungs

Question 11

Describe the path that air takes from outside the body to the site of gas exchange, naming all the structures through which it passes.

Answer 11

Air enters the body through the nostrils, then passes through the throat (pharynx) and then the voice box (larynx). It is next conducted into the thoracic, or chest, cavity. Then it passes through the bronchioles into alveoli.

Question 12

Where does the actual exchange of gases between the lungs and blood occur?

Answer 12

It occurs in the alveoli sacs.

Question 13

Give the common name for trachea.

Answer 13

Wind pipe

Question 14

Give the common name for pharynx.

Answer 14

Throat

Question 15

Give the common name for larynx.

Answer 15

Voice box

Question 16

Give the common name for thoracic cavity.

Answer 16

Chest cavity

Question 17

Describe the function of nasal and oral cavities.

Answer 17

The nasal cavity is responsible for warming, moisturizing, and filtering air entering the body.

The oral cavity is responsible for receiving food, chewing it, and then beginning the swallowing process.

Question 18

Describe the function of epiglottis.

Answer 18

It acts as a switch between the larynx and the esophagus to permit air to enter the airway to the lungs and food to pass into the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 19

Describe the function of trachea.

Answer 19

It provides air flow to and from the lungs for respiration.

Question 20

Describe the function of bronchi.

Answer 20

Carry air from the trachea into the lungs.

Question 21

Describe the function of bronchioles.

Answer 21

Carry air from the trachea into the lungs. They ensure that incoming air is supplied to each alveolus.

Question 22

Describe the function of alveolar ducts.

Answer 22

They allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

Question 23

Define vital capacity.

Answer 23

The greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.

Question 24

In what way does hyperventilation change blood CO2 levels?

Answer 24

It lowers carbon dioxide levels in your blood.

Question 25

Why did the respiratory rate of the fish change with temperature?

Answer 25

Cold blooded animals regulate their bodily functions based on the temperature around them. The metabolic rate drops, which slows the respiratory rate and the need for oxygen.

Question 26

Determine the color of the following solution and the reason for the color:

Snail + water + Bromothymol Blue

Answer 26

Yellow. There is carbon dioxide present from the snail’s breathing.

Question 27

Determine the color of the following solution and the reason for the color:

Elodea + water + Bromothymol Blue

Answer 27

Blue-green. Photosynthesis occurs, creating oxygen.

Question 28

Explain the interdependence between respiration and photosynthesis.

Answer 28

Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration takes it back. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, and cellular respiration uses that oxygen to release energy from food.

Question 29

Compare respiration and photosynthesis.

Answer 29

Both cellular respiration and photosynthesis require the same ingredients: Glucose (C-6 H-12 O-6), oxygen (6 O-2), carbon dioxide (6 CO-2), water (6 H-2-O) and energy (ATP). The two common ingredients are carbon dioxide (CO-2), a gas that passes from the air into a plant, and water (H-2-O), which is absorbed from the soil by the plant’s roots.

Inside plant cells, chloroplasts use light energy to rearrange the atoms of carbon dioxide and water to form glucose. Both plants and animal cells perform cell respiration.

In cellular respiration: glucose + oxygen –> (cell resp.) –> carbon dioxide + water + energy
In photosynthesis: glucose + oxygen