Quiz: Photosynthesis

Question 1

Give the function of chloroplast

Answer 1

They work to convert light energy of the Sun into sugars that can be used by cells. The entire process is called photosynthesis and it all depends on the little green chlorophyll molecules in each chloroplast.

Question 2

Give the function of blade

Answer 2

The blade contains the cells necessary for the plant to carry out photosynthesis. The cells contain chloroplasts, which gives it its green color.

Question 3

Give the function of petiole

Answer 3

The products of photosynthesis are moved from individual leaves to the rest of a plant, and necessary chemicals and nutrients from other parts of the plant are brought to individual leaves.

Question 4

Give the function of xylem tissue

Answer 4

Transports water and soluble mineral nutrients from the roots throughout the plant. It is also used to replace water lost during transcription and photosynthesis.

Question 5

Give the function of phloem tissue

Answer 5

Responsible for the transport of sugars from source tissues (ex. photosynthetic leaf cells) to sink tissues (ex. non-photosynthetic root cells). Other molecules such as proteins and mRNAs are also transported throughout the plant via phloem.

Question 6

Give the function of cuticle

Answer 6

Responsible for preventing the loss of water. It also has properties that prevent contamination of plant tissues with external water, dirt, and microorganisms.

Question 7

Give the function of mesophyll cells

Answer 7

Palisade mesophyll cells are tall and closely packed to absorb maximum light. They contain chloroplasts, which allow for photosynthesis to take place in these cells.

Spongy mesophyll cells also capture light and make food. They have air spaces between them to allow easy gas exchange.

Question 8

Give the function of guard cells

Answer 8

They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.

Question 9

Give the function of stomata

Answer 9

They allow gas exchange. Since a lot of water vapor can be lost through the stomata they only open for photosynthesis in daylight; at night, they close up to reduce loss of water vapor.

Question 10

Give the function of chlorophyll A

Answer 10

It absorbs the wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light and functions as a primary electron donor during the electron transport chain in photosynthesis.

Question 11

Give the function of accessory pigments

Answer 11

They play an important role in photosynthesis by increasing the range of wavelengths which the photosynthetic machinery of a plant can absorb.

Question 12

Write out the chemical equation for photosynthesis.

Answer 12

6CO2 + 6H2O ➡️ C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 13

What is needed to start photosynthesis?

Answer 13

Light, carbon dioxide, and water

Question 14

What are the end products of photosynthesis?

Answer 14

Water, oxygen, and glucose

Question 15

What kinds of organisms are autotrophs?

Answer 15

Autotrophs use photosynthesis to make their own food. Examples of autotrophs are algae, phytoplankton, and some types of bacteria.

Question 16

In an ecosystem, why are autotrophs known as producers?

Answer 16

They are known as the producers because they make their own food and also make food for the rest of the ecosystem.

Question 17

What kinds of organisms are heterotrophs?

Answer 17

Heterotrophs are animals or organisms that feed on autotrophs to survive. Examples of heterotrophs are herbivores (plant eaters), carnivores (meat eaters), and omnivores (both plant and meat eaters).

Question 18

In an ecosystem, why are heterotrophs known as consumers?

Answer 18

Heterotrophs are considered consumers in an ecosystems because they cannot make their own food. Instead, they depend on autotrophs by using, rearranging, and ultimately decomposing their complex organic materials.

Question 19

Define transpiration

Answer 19

It is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. It is essentially the evaporation of water from plant leaves.

Question 20

Through what part of leaf does transpiration mostly occur?

Answer 20

Transpiration occurs through the stomata of leaves.

Question 21

Make a list of leaf adaptations that have evolved in drought tolerant plants.

Answer 21

1. Fewer stomata, the pores in the epidermis or skin on the leaf, can reduce water loss.
2. In hot, dry climates, many plants open their stomata only in the cool of the evening.
3. Small plants have a reduced surface area to enable plants to conserve water.

Question 22

Define visible light

Answer 22

It is defined as the wavelengths that are visible to most human eyes.

Question 23

What does the prism effect do to visible light?

Answer 23

As visible light passes through a prism, it is refracted and then separated into its different component colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet.

Question 24

What are the separate colors that make up visible light?

Answer 24

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet.

Question 25

What molecules do plants use to store excess glucose?

Answer 25

Starch

Question 26

What is the function of starch?

Answer 26

The only function of starch in the human diet is to convert into glucose for energy.

Question 27

What test would you perform to determine if a leaf has starch present?

Answer 27

Chromatography

Question 28

How much starch did the light geranium leaf have? Explain why.

Answer 28

It had a lot of starch because the leaf was kept in light, thus creating photosynthesis.

Question 29

How much starch did the dark geranium leaf have? Explain why.

Answer 29

It had less starch because the leaf was kept in the dark, thus preventing photosynthesis.

Question 30

Which color or colors of light are best for photosynthesis?

Answer 30

Red and blue

Question 31

Which color or colors of light are worst for photosynthesis?

Answer 31

Green

Question 32

What is the function of chromatography?

Answer 32

Chromatography is used for the separation of a mixture of compounds into its individual components.

Question 33

Spinach leaves contain which photosynthetic pigments?

Answer 33

Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, beta-carotene, and xantophylls.