Quiz questions patho final Flashcards
A patient has a blood pressure of 146/92. What is the mean arterial pressure (MAP). Insert whole number only
110
A 65-year-old male with a history of untreated hypertension is now experiencing left-sided heart failure. The FNP knows that untreated hypertension can lead to:
myocardial hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling
ventricular dilation and wall thinning
inhibited renin and aldosterone release
alteration in beta cell functioning
myocardial hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling
A patient has been researching cardiac cells on the internet. Which information indicates the patient has a good understanding. Due to anaerobic metabolism, cardiac cells can with stand ischemic conditions for ________ minutes before irreversible cell injury occurs.
15
30
10
20
20
A 55-year-old male died of a myocardial infarction. Autopsy would most likely reveal:
embolization of plaque from the aorta
decreased ventricular filling time
platelet aggregaion and a clot that completely occluded an atherosclerotic coronary artery
smooth muscle dysplasia within the coronary artery
platelet aggregaion and a clot that completely occluded an atherosclerotic coronary artery
A 50-year-old male was admitted to the coronary care unit with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). He is being treated for cardiogenic shock. His symptoms include hypotension, tachycardia and tachypnea. His skin is pale and cool. The primary cause of this shock is most likely:
increased capillary permiabiity
decreased afterload due to vasodilitation
decreased cardiac contractility
the rapid heart rate
decreased cardiac contractility
The patient wants to know what causes atherosclerosis to begin to develop. How should the FNP respond? “In general, atherosclerosis is caused by:
an increase in anti-thrombotic substances
high serum cholesterol levels
endothelial injury and inflammation
a congenital defect
endothelial injury and inflammation
The _________ complex represents the sum of all ventricular cell depolarization.
QRS
Occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery would interrupt blood supply to the:
left and right ventricles and much of the interventricular septum
upper right ventricle, right marginal branch and right ventricle to the apex
left atrium and the lateral wall of the left ventricle
posterior interventricular sulcus and smaller branches of both ventricles
left and right ventricles and much of the interventricular septum
Depolarization of a cardiac muscle occurs as a result of (think of the action potential):
a decrease in permiability of the cell
membrane to potassium
rapid movement of calcium out of the cells
decrease in movement of sodium out of the cells
rapid movement of sodium into the cell
rapid movement of sodium into the cell
As stated by the Frank-starling law, there is a direct relationship between the ___________ of blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the __________ of the contraction during the next systole.
viscosity, strength
viscosity, force
volume, strength
pressure, force
volume, strength
