Quiz questions Flashcards
What type of activities are generally not found in CBD’s?
Manufacturing industries
The three models of urban structure all agree on one thing:
Most people tend to prefer to live near other who have the same characteristics.
Where do the poor generally live in European cities?
In housing projects in the suburbs.
How are North American suburbs seregated?
According to land use, through the use of zoning ordinances, and by social class.
What is the exception in the downward trend in public transportation?
Rapid transit
Why were rural settlements in Anglo-America and England converted from clustered settlements to dispersed settlements?
To improve agricultural production
Which occupation is not part of the tertiary sector?
Construction
A market area is a good example of what kind of region?
Nodal
For religious reasons, periodic markets are not held on Friday in:
Saudi Arabia
A “Kraal” is which type of settlement?
Clustered rural
In most MDC’s, services comprise ____ of the country’s GDP, compared to ____ in LDC’s.
two-thirds; less than half
What are the three characteristics Louis Wirth used to define a city?
Large size, High density, Social hetergeneity
What percentage of the world lives in cities?
three-fourths in MDCs, and two-fifths in LDCs.
How many cities are there with more than 10 million inhabitants?
19
Why is urban population growth occurring in LDCs?
migration from the countryside is happening even though job opportunities might not be available.
Describe the Central Place Theory
It explains how the most profitable location can be identified.
What are the element of Market-Area Analysis?
Profitability to a location; optimal location within a market
What are the current world cities?
New York, London, and Tokyo
What is a world city?
The center of flow of information and capital
What are offshore financial services?
small countries, usually islands or microstates, exploit niches in the circulation of global capital by offering offshore financial services.
What are back offices?
A second distinctive type of business service found in peripheral regions.
Why do LDCs want back offices?
Low wages and ability to speak English
Why does talent distribute differently between cities?
Job opportunities; talented individuals will sometimes migrate to cities that offer more cultural diversity.
The textile industry accounts for ___ percent of the dollar value of world manufacturing but ___ percent of world maufacturing employment
6; 14
Describe the importance of capital in industrial locations
Necessary for businesses to start or expand
What are interregional shifts in manufacturing?
When manufacturing jobs go across a region.
What are right to work laws?
It requires a factory to maintain an open shop and prohibits a closed shop.
What is an “open shop”?
A union and a company may not negotiate a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment.
What is the new international division of labor?
Selective transfer to some jobs in LDCs.
What are two reasons some of the companies are returning to generally less attractive areas like the northeastern United States?
Availability of skilled labor and rapid delivery to market
compared to 30 years ago, it’s actually fairly difficult to say whether a car is made in America (domestic) or made in another country (foreign.) What are the three distinctions that the US government makes?
Fuel efficiency–at least 75% of it’s content comes from North America; having at least 50% Canadian and U.S content; At least 85% of the parts originate in the U.S and Canada.
From which country do car companies import the largest amount of cars?
Mexico
The one most important to the development of factories was the:
Steam Engine
Which of the following contributed to the delayed arrival of the Industrial Revolution across Europe?
Napoleonic wars
In which city were railways built several decades before they appeared in the rest of Russia?
St. Petersburg
This industrial region contains over 1,000 types of minerals, the most varied collection found in any mining region of the world.
Urals
The least expensive mode of transport for shipping goods over long distances is by:
Ship
According to Boserup’s thesis that population growth corresponds to more intensive subsistence land use, which of the following is the stage characterized by the longest fallow period?
Forest fallow
Out of rye, barley, wheat, oats, and yam, which one is not a cereal grain?
Yam
What are the physical characteristics shared by all Mediterranean climatic areas in the world?
Land is hilly, all border a sea, summers are hot and dry, winters are wet with moderate temperatures.
What is the most “typical” human?
An Asian farmer who grows food to survive, with little surplus.
What does it mean to leave a field to fallow?
Plant nothing so the soil can recover.
Do pastoral nomads eat their animals?
Mostly not; they consume mostly grain, not meat. They don’t usually slaughter their animals, but why they die, the nomads will consume them.
What is wet rice?
The practicing of planting rice on dry land in a nursery and then moving the seedlings to a flooded field to promote growth.
How do you distinguish shifting cultivation from intensive subsistence agriculture?
In intensive subsistence agriculture, people have to work intensively to survive on a parcel of land. In shifting cultivation, people move crops every 3-6 years.
What types of good are usually grown on plantations?
cotton, sugarcane, rubber, coffee, and tobacco.
Where is mixed crop and livestock farming primarily found?
The United States to the west of the Appalachians, and east in much of Europe from France to Russia.
What are three challenges of dairy farming?
Labor intensive, winter feed, and economic difficulties.
How is grain grown in a commercial farm different from mixed crop and livstock grain farming?
crops on a grain farm are grown primarily for consumption by humans rather than by livestock.
What type of agriculture is primarily practiced in the U.S. Southeast?
commercial gardening and fruit farming
Where did truck farming get its name?
the middle English word “truck” meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities.
Who was Johann Heinrich von Thunen?
An estate owner in Northern Germany; first proposed the model that explains the importance of proximity to market in the choice of crops on commercial farms in a book titled “The Isolated State”.
What are the four areas that the UN measure to get the HDI?
GDP per capita, Literacy rate, amount of education, life expectancy
What is the highest score a country can get for HDI?
1.0
Who currently had the highest HDI?
Norway
Where does the U.S. rank for HDI?
13th.
Why GDP useful?
We use GDP to get a sense of average incomes for various countries
What are two major ways countries can choose to promote development?
Adopting policies that successfully promote development; finding funds to pay for development
What is the self-sufficiency approach to development?
A country should spread investment as equally as possible across all sectors of its economy and regions.
