quiz questions 1-6 Flashcards
what is the smallest in size?
Virus
which medical doctor first used phenol as an antiseptic and disinfectant
lister
what bacteria structures did Cohn discover?
endospores
what type of microbes do bacteriologists study?
prokaryotes
what is Koch’s third postulate?
pure pathogens given to a healthy individual should cause disease
what is an acellular microbes?
Bacteriophage
what disease was Snow tracking in London when he did his epidemiological Work?
Cholera
which of Whittaker’s Kingdoms contained prokaryotes?
Monera
who used swan necked flasks to disprove spontaneous generation of microbes?
Pasteur
what limits the resolving power of a microscope?
Wavelength of light used
what type of microbe contains teichoic acid?
Gram positive
what term refers to rod-shaped bacteria in chains
streptobacillus
what gets larger as cell size decreases
surface area : volume ratio
what are bacterial cell walls composed of?
peptidoglycan
what is the most abundant macromolecule in a cell?
Protein
what type of microbe contains axial filaments?
spirochetes
what microbe does not contain murein?
mycoplasma
What size are prokaryotic ribosomes?
70S
what is volutin an example of?
Inclusion body
what bacterium gave us the polymerase that we use in PCR?
Thermus aquaticus
which group of bacteria are oxygenic phototrophs
cyanobacteria
which is the largest group of cultured bacteria?
proteobacteria
which bacteria would most likely make an endospore
bacillus
what form of Chlamydia cells infect new host cells?
Elementary body
what group of proteobacteria includes the cause of gastric ulcers?
Epsilon
what group of microbes includes the acid fast bacteria?
Actinobacteria
what group of bacteria are the low G+C gram positives?
Firmicutes
what bacterium is used to produce sauerkraut?
Leuconostoc
what group of proteobacteria are most genetically similar to our mitochondria?
Alpha
where would the DNA in an archaea be found?
Nucleoid
what group of archaea contain crenarchaeol?
Crenarcheota
when were archaea first described as a group
1970s
which is not an adaptation for living at high temperature?
unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids
what kind of growth conditions do methanogens require?
anaerobic
how are archaea similar to eukaryotes?
they have introns
what pigment do some archaea use to capture light energy?
Bacteriorhodopsin
what group of microbes includes the methanogens?
euryarchaota
what sugar is found in pseudopeptidoglycan but not true peptidoglycan?
NAT
what is postulated to be the upper temperature limit for life on earth?
150 C
where does aerobic respiration occur in a eukaryote?
Mitochondria
what sterol do fungi use in their membranes?
Ergosterol
which organelles contain DNA?
Mitochondria
which type of microbes cause red tide?
Dinoflagellates
what microbes use pseudopodia for feeding and motility?
Amoebozoa
why does rough ER look rough?
Ribosomes present
what is a primary endosymbiont?
Green algae
what molecules make of most microbial capsules
polysaccharides
what group of fungi is known as the club fungi?
Basidiomycetes
what cytoskeleton protein is inside a eukaryotic flagellum?
Microtubule
what is an example of a pathogen that is just protein?
Prion
what is the lipid layer surrounding some viruses called?
envelope
what is not found in viruses
ribosomes
what type of genetic material is found in group IV viruses?
ss RNA (+strand)
what is the approximate size of a virus?
50nm
what is an example of a pathogen that is just nucleic acid?
Viroid
what is the first step in a viral replication cycle?
attachment to host cell
what is an example of a group V virus?
Influenza
what part of a virus consists of a protein shell?
Capsid
what type of genetic material is found in group III viruses?
ds RNA
