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experimental phonetics > QUIZ QS > Flashcards

QUIZ QS Flashcards

1
Q

_____can be defined as avariation in air pressure

A

sound (wave

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2
Q

a sound wave is _______wave. in which movement of ait particles are in the same direction of the wave

A

longitudinal

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3
Q

in contrast, a wave which movement of indv particles is at a right angle (90 degrees) to the direction of the wave is a ______wave (e.g. elctro magnetic waveeeee).

A

transverse

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4
Q

however, it is possible to provide a visual representation of a sound wave in the form of a transverse wave. such a visualization is called _______: a graph showing how airpressure changes with time

A

waveform

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5
Q

another visual representation of a sound wave is a _______, which represents the internal structure of a sound with a set of dots (or set of vertical lines) in a two- dimensional space

A

spectra

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6
Q

commonly used unit in frequency in phonetics

A

HZ

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7
Q

commonly used unit of intensity in phonetics is___

A

dB

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8
Q

what kind of sound does a voiceless stop make

A

transient sound

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9
Q

what kind of sound does a voiced stop make

A

transient sound

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10
Q

what kind of sound does a foiceless fricative make [f]

A

aperiodic sound

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11
Q

what kind of sound does a voiced fric make [v]

A

periodic, complex sound

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12
Q

what kind of sound does a vowel make [i]

A

periodic, complex sound

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13
Q

there can be no sound in a vacuum t/f

A

true

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14
Q

sound travels fasteer in the air than underwater t/f

A

false

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15
Q

OX when the frequency of a sound wave increases, it sounds higher

A

true

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16
Q

ox when the amplitude of a sound wave increases, it sounds louder

A

true

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17
Q

frequency and amplitude are dependent upon each other tf

A

f. they are independent

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18
Q

when frequency is doubled, the pitch infreases four times

A

false 1:1 relationship

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19
Q

when the amplitude is doubled, the loudness increases by four times.

A

true. change in air pressure= pascal

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20
Q

a _______presents the sound as a unified entity.

A

waveform

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21
Q

a _____________presents the individual sine wave components of the sound over timeeeee

A

spectogram

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22
Q

the horizontal axis of a waveform represents

A

time

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23
Q

the vertical axis of a waveform represents

A

amplitude or intensity

24
Q

the horizontal axis of a spectrum represents

A

frequency

25
Q

the vertical axis of a spectrum

A

intensity

26
Q

the horizontal axis of a spectrogram

A

time

27
Q

the vertical of a spectrogram

A

frequency

28
Q

a vowel is almost always identified by their ____ which are dark horizontal bars on the spectrogram.

A

formants

29
Q

a consonant is almost always identified by the spectrogram as their constricion interval. tf

A

false, its not always consistent. remember interval.

30
Q

the thin white vertical bars (=striations) on the spectrogram indicate that the sound is:

A

voiced

31
Q

the source of allllll speech sounds id the vibration of the vocal folds t/f

A

false.
1.vocal fold vibration.
2. air turbulence (narrow passage)
3. sudden changes of air pressure (stop sound).

32
Q

nasal stops are transient waves t/f

A

false. only oral stops are transient waves. you cna continuously name nasal stops.

33
Q

voiceless consonants have shorter constriction that their voiced counterparts

A

false

34
Q

a negative vot means a voiceless stop

A

false when the voicing starts for the vowel. starts following a vowel. and releases after a stop

35
Q

obtruents include stops fricatives and affricates

A

ture. affricates are stops + fricatives.

36
Q

sonorants include nasals, liquids, and glides

A

true

37
Q

approximants include nasals liquids and glides

A

fals. glides are approximants only.

38
Q

if the f3 is very low in the formant transition of the adjacent vowel, the sound in question is likely to be

A

r

39
Q

if the high frequency region is darker than the low frequency region the sound in question is likely to be a f or s

A

/s/ sibilant?

40
Q

lowering the tongue reults in increased f1

A

true

41
Q

fronting the tongue results in increased f2

A

true.

42
Q

the source for vowel production is the vibrating

A

vocal folds

43
Q

the filter for vowel production is the shaping of the

A

vocal tract

44
Q

the pitch of the vowel is determined at the level of the

A

source

45
Q

the quality of the vowel )=distinction between different vowel sounds) is determined at the level of the

A

filter

46
Q

we can change the sound filter by varying the position of the ______which results in producing different vowels. or by raising and lowering the ____ which results in oral and nasal

A

i think the tongue, and definitely raising and lowering the velum

47
Q

in the output spectrum, the vertical lines(=sine wave component frewuencies are called

A

harmonicccccs

48
Q

in the output spectrum the peaks (= resonant frequencies, not the vertical lines) are called

A

formants

49
Q

f0 is the 0th formant true or false

A

false its the first harmonix

50
Q

if the first harmonic is 220Hz the second harmonic is 440HZ true or false

A

true. it starts at 220 and therefore must be harmonics of it then too

51
Q

if the first harmonic is 500 Hz the second formant is 1000Hz

A

true

52
Q

the source decide the harmonics and the filter decides the formants.

A

true.

53
Q

when the slope of the source spectrum is steeper, the output sound is _____

A

breathy, softer

54
Q

the longer the vocal tract, the higher the formant frequencies

A

false. shorter the vocal tract= shorter the higher frequencies

55
Q

harmonic frequencies are evenly spaced

A

true

56
Q

formant frequencies are evenly spaced

A

false

57
Q

fundamental f0 frequency is the means the first formant

A

false. its the forse harmonic.

experimental phonetics (3 decks)

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