Quiz - Prelims Flashcards
It is the scientific discipline that studies animals and their interactions with their environment
Zoology
Study animals ranging from microscopic organisms to complex vertebrates, encompassing both living and extinct species
Zoologists
Zoologists use a variety of research methods such as:
Field observations, laboratory experiments, genetic analyses, and advanced imaging techniques
This subfield examines the structure and function of animal bodies, including organs, tissues, and systems. It delves into how animals carry out various physiological processes necessary for their survival.
Anatomy and physiology
Study of how animals interact with their environment and each other, investigating behaviors such as mating, hunting, communication, and territoriality.
Behavioral ecology
Explores the processes of natural selection and adaptation that shape the diversity of animal species over time
Evolutionary biology
Focuses on the genetic makeup of animals, including the study of heredity, gene expression, and the genetic basis of traits and behaviors.
Genetics and genomics
They analyze similarities and differences between different animal species to underst evolutionary relationships and adaptations.
Comparative zoology
Study animal behavior in natural settings to gain insights into the innate behaviors and instincts of animals
Ethology
This branch deals with the study of extinct animals through the analysis of fossils and other remains. It contributes to our understanding of past ecosystems and evolutionary history.
Paleozoology
They focuses on the study of animals that inhabit oceans, seas, and other aquatic environments.
Marine biology
They specialize in the study of insects and their biology
Entomology
Dedicated to the study of birds, including their behavior, physiology, and evolution
Ornithology
They concentrate on the study of mammals, examining their diversity, anatomy, behavior, and ecology
Mammalogy
They study reptiles and amphibians, investigating their biology, behavior, and conservation
Herpetology
They study fish, including their diversity, anatomy, physiology, and behavior, and behavior. This branch also encompasses fisheries science and aquaculture.
Ichthyology
Considered the father of zoology
Aristotle
Compiled an encyclopedic work “naturalis historia”
Pliny the elder
Made significant contributions to zoology, compiling extensive knowledge from various sources and adding their observations
Al-jahiz and avicenna
Provided early descriptions of animals, albeit with allegorical interpretations
Physiologus
Made detailed anatomical drawings and observations of animals
Leonardo da vinci
Laid the foundations of taxonomy and classification of species
John ray
Developed the binomial nomenclature system
Carl linnaeus
Wrote “histoire naturelle” a comprehensive account of natural history
Georges- louis leclerc, comte de buffon
Proposed early theories of evolution and the idea that organisms could pass on traits acquired during their lifetime
Jean-baptiste lamarck
Revolutionized zoology with his theory of natural selection
Charles darwin
Laid the groundwork for genetics with his experiments on pea plants
Gregor mendel
Integrated Darwinian evolution with mendelian genetics
Modern synthesis
Transformed the study of primatology and animal behavior with her long-term study of chimpanzee in tanzania
Jane goodall
Key developments in modern zoology
Ethology
Ecology
Molecular biology and genetics
Conservation biology
Life on earth began more than __________
3 billion yrs ago
Organisms consist of only a singe cell
Unicellular
Organisms are composed of many cells which perform specialized and specific function
Multicellular
An organism that possesses characteristics that most biologists have agreed upon
Living entity
Ability of living things to react to the factors of the environment
Irritability
Refers to the ability of organisms to move
Locomotion
Refers to the sum total of the chemical reactions taking place
Metabolism
The building up reaction called _______ is shown up by ________
Anabolism & respiration
The increase in size and number of cells
Growth
The growth in living is called _______
Intussusception
The ability of living things to produce new individuals closely resembling them
Reproduction
Refers to the parts and functions of the cells in an organism
Cellular organization
The living matter in a cell is the _________
Protoplasm
Protoplasm consists of __________
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ability of a living organism to live in harmony with other organisms in the environment
Adjustment, integration, and coordination
Emphasizes the source of all creation is God
Special creation theory
A hypothetical process by which living organisms developed from nonliving matter, also, the archaic theory that utilized this process to explain the origin of life ; living organisms can originate from inanimate object
Spontaneous generation theory
It states that life produced life, that each animal and plant produced its own kind
Biogenetic theory
“Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny” is a phrase made by who?
Ernst haeckel
Development of an organism (ontogeny) expresses all the intermediate forms of its ancestors throughout evolution (phylogeny)
Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny
Most biologists theory that life began in the primordial seas.
Abiogenetic synthesis theory
The belief that earth’s ocean were covered with ice
Beneath the ice
This is the proposal that life on earth began from rocks and other debris from impacts
Panspermia (cosmozoic theory)
This leads to the theory that lightning may have been responsible for the origins of life
Electricity
Self-replicating ribonucleic acid molecules proliferated before the evolution of DNA and proteins
RNA world
In contrast to the RNA theory, this suggests that the primordial soup simply continued to react with itself over time
Simple metabolism and reactions
Deep-sea vents
Submarine hydrothermal vents
It says that organic molecules organized themselves
Clay breeding ground
