Quiz one prep Flashcards
According to the distinction between ‘expressive’ and ‘instrumental’ violence, an individual who commits ‘individual’ violence typically;
a. Is angry
b. Has the ultimate motive of harming the target
c. Is not responding to a perceived threat
d. Has not spend a considerable amount of time planning the violent act.
C. Is not responding to a perceived threat.
A criminal psychologist who focuses on neuropsychological processes to explain gender differences in violent offending is largely focusing on what level of analysis?
a. Proximate
b. Phylogeny
c. Distal
d. Cultural
A. Proximate
Which of the following situational factors increases the risk for aggression? a. Frustration b. Rejection c. Provocation d. All of the above
d. All of the above
What is the key theoretical construct in David Farrington’s integrated
cognitive antisocial potential model of offending?
a. Adolescent limited
b. Antisocial potential
c. Life course persistent offenders
d. Social bonding
b. Antisocial potential
According to the dual systems model of adolescent risk taking, the peak in offending that occurs during adolescence is the result of
a. An overactive socioemotional system and a not fully developed cognitive control system
b. A lack of parental monitoring and a greater orientation towards peers
c. A maturity gap between what adolescents want and what they are able to obtain
d. An underdeveloped prefrontal cortex and an overactive serotonergic system
a. An overactive socioemotional system and a not fully developed cognitive control system
- According to the study by Gardner and Steinberg (2005) on risk-taking, the presence of peers
a. Decreased risk-taking in all age groups
b. Decreased risk-taking in adults and youths, but increased risk-taking in
adolescents
c. Increased risk-taking among adults the most
d. Increased risk-taking among adolescents the most
d. Increased risk-taking among adolescents the most
In the DSM-5, which disorder is characterised as ‘a repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviour in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms are violated’?
a. Psychopathy
b. Schizophrenia
c. Conduct disorder
d. Antisocial personality disorder
c. Conduct disorder
Which of the following characteristics feature in the Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R)?
a. Lack of empathy, pathological lying, hallucinations
b. Grandiose sense of self-worth, impulsivity, shallow affect
c. Disinhibition, delusional beliefs, callousness
d. Sadism, impulsivity, suicidal ideation
b. Grandiose sense of self-worth, impulsivity, shallow affect
THIS MAY NOT BE ONE OF THEM
According to the violence inhibition model of psychopathy, psychopaths
a. Are actually less violent that non-psychopaths unless they are directly threatened
b. Have an impaired capacity to recognise distress in others as a result of amygdala dysfunction
c. Have abnormally low levels of arousal
d. Fail to respond to punishment
b. Have an impaired capacity to recognise distress in others as a result of amygdala dysfunction
THIS MAY NOT BE ONE OF THEM
According to the ‘indirect pathway’ model of the relationship between mental disorder and crime
a. Mental disorder leads to other outcomes that cause offending
b. Mental disorder causes or leads to offending
c. The relationship between mental disorder and offending is due to threat/control override symptoms
d. A variable or variables cause, or lead to, both mental disorder and offending
a. Mental disorder leads to other outcomes that cause offending
THIS MAY NOT BE ONE OF THEM
A heroin trafficker is caned and sentenced to death. According to the definitions presented in this course, this is an example of
a. Violence
b. Aggression
c. Criminal violence
d. Both a. and b.
d. Both a. and b.
According to the distinction between ‘hostile and ‘instrumental’ violence, an individual who commits ‘instrumental’ violence typically
a. Is angry
b. Has the ultimate motive of harming the target
c. Is not responding to a perceived threat
d. Has not spent a considerable amount of time planning the violent act
c. Is not responding to a perceived threat
According to the social information processing model of aggression
a. Some individuals develop a hostile attribution bias that leads them to interpret ambiguous social cues as hostile
b. Aggression is the outcome of an imbalance of cortisol and testosterone
c. Negative affect is the main cause of aggression
d. Narcissism is the main personality factor that influences aggressive responses
a. Some individuals develop a hostile attribution bias that leads them to interpret ambiguous social cues as hostile
THIS MAY NOT BE ONE OF THEM
- Which of the following situational factors increases the risk for aggression?
a. Frustration
b. Rejection
c. Provocation
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
According to evolutionary neuroandrogenic theory
a. There is no relationship between finger length and criminal behaviour
b. A lower second finger (2D) to fourth finger (4D) ratio is associated with a greater risk for criminal behaviour
c. A higher second finger (2D) to fourth finger (4D) ratio is associated with a greater risk for criminal behaviour
d. Individuals whose second (2D) and fourth finger (4D) are the same length are most likely to engage in criminal behaviour
b. A lower second finger (2D) to fourth finger (4D) ratio is associated with a greater risk for criminal behaviour
Damage to which part of the brain is associated with an increased risk of aggression and violence a. The parietal cortex b. The temporal cortex c. The hippocampus d. The prefrontal cortex
d. The prefrontal cortex
According to homicide statistics
a. Men are most likely to kill other men, and women are most likely to kill other women
b. Men are most likely to kill intimate partners and family members, and women are most likely to kill acquaintances and strangers
c. Men are most likely to kill other men, and women are most likely to kill intimate partners and family members
d. Women are most likely to be the perpetrators, and men are most likely to be the victims
c. Men are most likely to kill other men, and women are most likely to kill intimate partners and family members
According to evolutionary research on human mating patterns
a. Men, on average, invest less in offspring than women and have greater reproductive variance compared to women
b. Men, on average, invest less in offspring than women and have less reproductive variance compared to women
c. Women, on average, invest less in offspring than men, and have greater reproductive variance compared to men
d. Women, on average, invest less in offspring than men and have less reproductive variance compared to men
a. Men, on average, invest less in offspring than women and have greater reproductive variance compared to women
Tony Stanlake was murdered over a drug debt of a few thousand dollars he owed, police sources allege. The Karori property developer, who had a previous conviction for growing cannabis, has sparked one of the biggest homicide investigations ever seen in Wellington, after he was found dead at Red Rocks. According to Goldstein’s (1985) tripartite model, this is an example of
a. Economic compulsive violence
b. Systemic violence
c. Psychopharmacological violence
d. Gang violence
b. Systemic violence
One of the key take home lessons from Zimbardo’s Stanford prison experiment is that
a. Harm is easily inflicted on distant others
b. People were a lot more violent in the 1960s
c. People tend to obey legitimate authority figures even if it involves the infliction of harm on others
d. People have a tendency to rapidly conform to particular roles and to act in ways that may be contrary to their normal behaviour
d. People have a tendency to rapidly conform to particular roles and to act in ways that may be contrary to their normal behaviour
One of the key take home lessons from Milgram’s obedience studies is that
a. When people act in groups responsibility is diffused
b. People were a lot more violent in the 1950s
c. People have a strong tendency to think in terms of in-groups and outgroups
d. People tend to obey legitimate authority figures even if it involves the infliction of harm on others
d. People tend to obey legitimate authority figures even if it involves the infliction of harm on others
Which of the following drugs is most likely to lead to ‘economic compulsive’ violent offending?
a. Alcohol
b. Heroin
c. LSD
d. Coffee
b. Heroin
According to the ‘crime causes drug use’ model of the relationship between drugs and crime
a. Drug use and crime are related because a common factor causes or leads to both drug use and crime
b. Involvement in crime leads to or causes drug use
c. Drug use and violence are unrelated to one another
d. The use of drugs leads to or causes crime
d. The use of drugs leads to or causes crime
