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Periodontology > Quiz One > Flashcards

Quiz One Flashcards

1
Q

prevalence of gingivitis in the U.S. school aged children

A

40-60%

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2
Q

prevalence of gingivitis in the U.S. males ages 18-64

A

47%

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3
Q

prevalence of gingivitis in the U.S. females ages 18-64

A

39%

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4
Q

prevalence of periodontitis in the U.S. adults age 30 or older have periodontitis

A

42.2% 7.8% is severe 34.4% is nonsevere

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5
Q

prevalence of periodontitis in the U.S. adults age 45-54

A

14%

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6
Q

prevalence of periodontitis in the U.S. adults age 65-74

A

23%

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7
Q

___ are more likely to have periodontitis than ___

A

Men are more likely to have periodontitis than women

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8
Q

% of smokers with periodontal disease

A

Smokers 62.4%

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9
Q

THEORY Prior to 1980:

A

Continuous Progression Theory

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10
Q

THEORY After the 1980s:

A

Intermittent Progression Theory

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11
Q

THEORY 1990s and up:

A

Multifactorial model

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12
Q

Epidemiologic studies to identify disease in a population

Measure the amount and severity of a disease

Periodontal research (clinical trials) to make comparisons

Monitor progress

A

The purpose of Indices in dentistry

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13
Q

Clinical uses for Plaque Index

A

Used as a measurement tool for the provider and a learning tool for the patient. Gives a numerical value of a goal

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14
Q

In healthy individuals you will find mostly gram _____ bacteria and cocci. As you get more and more disease the bacteria start changing from ____ to _____ and from cocci- to rods/spirochetes.

A

healthy = gram positive bacteria and cocci. more disease the bacteria start changing from positive to negative and from cocci- to rods/spirochetes.

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15
Q

Systemic factors Genetic factors Systemic Medications SES Lifestyle habits/social behaviors Dental History

A

Risk Factors in PRA to be able to ID

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16
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic factors

A

-

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17
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Genetic factors Neutropenia leads to

A

Neutropenia (very rare blood disorder) -Congenital or developed -Patients are immunocompromised -Higher plaque scores, bleeding, inflammation and bone loss due to lack of platelets

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18
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic Medications Antihypertensive results in

A

Gingival inflammation

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19
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: SES

A

Stress Low SES Access to care Oral health literacy

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20
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Lifestyle habits/social behaviors

A

Smoking, smokeless tobacco Alcohol Drug use Oral self care Diet/nutrition Obesity

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21
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Dental History

A

CC Previous periodontal care Existing restorations Occlusion/malocclusion Alignment Orthodontic care

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22
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Genetic factors Down syndrome leads to

A

Rapid destruction 58-96% have periodontitis

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23
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic Medications Anticonvulsant, CCB, Immunosuppressives result in

A

Gingival overgrowth

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24
Q

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic Medications Antianxiety results in

A

Increase in biofilm formation

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25
Q

Which disease causes: Connective tissue destruction and bone loss Poor wound healing High blood glucose Host inflammatory response to microbes

A

Diabetes Mellitus

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26
Q

Which systemic condition causes: Inflammation of the gingiva Gingival enlargement Oral infections

A

Leukemia

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27
Q

What condition would exhibit: Linear gingival erythema

A

AIDS

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28
Q

Hormonal fluctuations - Puberty Boys vs girls - who has more gingivitis

A

Boys have more gingivitis

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29
Q

How can Hormonal fluctuations with Pregnancy affect periodontal disease?

A

Pregnancy gingivitis Pregnancy tumor

30
Q

How do systemic factors affect periodontal disease? Hormonal fluctuations - Menopause

A

Menopausal gingivostomatitis

31
Q

Be able to calculate clinical attachment loss using pocket depth and recession/gingival growth

A

*

32
Q

Which Immune System: What we are born with

A

Innate

33
Q

Which Immune System: Has the ability to recognize pathogens and eliminate them

A

Innate

34
Q

Which Immune System: The complement system is important because it helps antibodies in fighting off infection and controlling inflammation through 21 plasma proteins

A

Innate

35
Q

Which Immune System: Secondary immune system-developed

A

Adaptive

36
Q

Which Immune System: Helps when the other immune system fails

A

Adaptive

37
Q

Which Immune System: Uses B-cells to manufacture antibodies that protect against antigens

A

Adaptive

38
Q

Which Immune System: It takes more than five days to develop an antibody response

A

Adaptive

39
Q

What cells are associated with periodontal bone resorption? (OCCCP)

A

Osteoclasts Cytokine IL-1 Cytokine IL-6 Cytokine IL-8 Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)

40
Q

Cytokine IL’s involved in periodontal bone resorption

A

1, 6, 8

41
Q

Know the names of bacteria that are associated with periodontal disease.

A

BIG OLE LIST IN THE STUDY GUIDE

42
Q

biofilm and the host response: Can produce MMPs

A

PMN’s (Polymorphonuclear leukocyte)

43
Q

biofilm and the host response: Part of the innate immune system

A

Complement System

44
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Functions of the Complement System

A

Work with antibodies

Destruction of pathogens

Opsonization of Pathogens

Recruitment of Phagocytes

Immune Clearance

45
Q

biofilm and the host response: Endotoxins

A

-

46
Q

WHICH CYTOKIN (Inflammatory Mediator)

Stimulates osteoclast activity = bone resorption

A

Cytokin IL-1

47
Q

WHICH CYTOKIN (Inflammatory Mediator):

Stimulates bone resorption

Inhibits bone formation

A

Cytokin IL-6

48
Q

WHICH CYTOKIN (Inflammatory Mediator)

Stimulates connective tissue destruction Stimulates bone resorption

A

Cytokin IL-8

49
Q

WHICH Inflammatory Mediator:

Stimulates MMP secretion

Stimulates bone resorption

A

PGE2

50
Q

WHICH Inflammatory Mediator:

Breakdown of collagen matrix in gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone

A

MMP Enzymes

51
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Function of the Slime Layer

A

A layer around a biofilm during the maturation phase Protective layer

52
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Aerobic Bacteria

A

Need Oxygen to survive Usually found supragingival or near the channels in the biofilm

53
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Anaerobic Bacteria

A

Does not need oxygen to survive Usually found subgingivally or in the middle of the biofilm

54
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Facultative Anaerobic Bacteria

A

-

55
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Innocuous Bacteria

A

Good bacteria <3

56
Q

biofilm and the host response:

Pathogenic Bacteria

A

Bad bacteria :(

57
Q

What immune cells are phagocytic? (5) NMMMD

A

Neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells and mast cells

58
Q

ACUTE inflammation: cardinal signs of inflammation

A

Heat Redness Loss of function Pain Swelling

59
Q

Study Acute and Chronic Inflammation at the cellular level ***

A

-

60
Q

Clinical signs of Chronic Inflammation

A

No symptoms, may present with “healthy”/stippled looking gingiva. Gingiva will appear fibrotic Cardinal signs may be absent or negligible

61
Q

Grade modifiers (2)

A

Smoking, Diabetes and the severity of both

62
Q

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease (3)

A

Demographic Factors Genetics Other

63
Q

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease - Demographic factors

A

Age Gender Race Socio-economic status Barriers to care

64
Q

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease - Genetics

A

Presence of systemic disease (Diabetes) Tooth morphology/bone Long and thin roots vs short and wide Root surface grooves Bone level Number of teeth

65
Q

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease - Other

A

Diet Oral hygiene Tobacco

66
Q

study of health and disease within a population. All factors that influence health (behavioral, environmental, and genetic risk factors)

A

epidemiology

67
Q

The number of new cases within a population

A

incidence

68
Q

The total of all cases (new and old)

A

prevalence

69
Q

Functional dentition, junctional epithelium is coronal to CEJ

A

periodontal health

70
Q

REMINDER - in previous years, a good chunk of the quiz info came from the VoiceThread lectures in their weeks 3 and 4. We have VoiceThreads week 3 and 5, but also review week 4 in general.

A

*

Periodontology (3 decks)

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