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Periodontology > Quiz 3: Ultrasonic/Implants > Flashcards

Quiz 3: Ultrasonic/Implants Flashcards

1
Q

Why is water used for ultrasonic? (5)

A

Irrigation, cools instruments, cavitation, acoustic microstreaming, acoustic turbulence

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2
Q

what is: fluid lavage penetrates base of pocket

A

irrigation

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3
Q

what is: forms bubbles/destroys bacteria

A

cavitation

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4
Q

what is: the static pressure of the liquid reduces to below the liquid’s vapour pressure, leading to the formation of small vapor-filled cavities in the liquid

A

cavitation

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5
Q

what is: very fast vibrations of the working end, fracturing calc

A

mechanical

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6
Q

what is: procedure to remove small amounts of plaque from between the teeth and gums, done with a small, handheld tool known as a pocket or oral irrigator

A

irrigation

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7
Q

purpose of irrigation:

A

Used to reduce gingivitis, bleeding and number of pathogens in sulcus

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8
Q

what is:

  • ultrasonic waves cause unidirectional fluid
  • Forceful flow of cavitating fluid
  • Enhances effectiveness beyond surface touched by oscillating instrument tip
A

acoustic microstreaming

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9
Q

what is: washing out a body cavity with a medicated water solution

A

lavage

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10
Q

what is: the number of times per second the insert tip moves back and forth in one cycle

A

frequency

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11
Q

frequency affects: (2)

A

affects the active tip area (higher tip area - smaller active tip area)

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12
Q

stroke measured in

A

H

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13
Q

Hertz units

A

Hz

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14
Q

what is: how far the working end moves back and forth during one cycle

A

amplitude

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15
Q

power level relates to

A

amplitude

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16
Q

= short, less powerful strokes ex: light calculus deposits, plaque biofilm, removal of endotoxins

A

lower power

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17
Q

= longer, more powerful strokes ex: heavy calculus removal

A

higher power

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18
Q

the ability to increase or decrease the stroke (amplitude)

A

power setting

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19
Q

***power setting should be placed at the ______ effective setting to avoid patient discomfort and damage to the tooth structure

A

lowest

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20
Q

scaler that is driven by compressed air

A

sonic scalers

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21
Q

scaler that is driven by electrical energy

A

ultrasonic scalers

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22
Q

both electrical energy and compressed air lead to

A

high frequency sound waves

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23
Q

sonic vs ultrasonic: tip rotates and all sides are effective

A

sonic

24
Q

sonic vs ultrasonic: lateral sides active (2-4mm)

A

ultrasonic (piezoelectric)

25
Q

sonic vs ultrasonic: minimal heat generated

A

sonic - little water needed to lavage

26
Q

piezoelectric vs magnetostrictice ultrasonic: 25,000-50,000 cps

A

piezo

27
Q

piezoelectric vs magnetostrictice ultrasonic: 18,000-45,000cps

A

magneto

28
Q

ultrasonic scaler with all sides active:

A

magneto and sonic

29
Q

ultrasonic scaler with later sides active:

A

piezo

30
Q

piezoelectric vs magnetostrictice ultrasonic: activated by change in crystals (handpiece with interchangeable TIPS)

A

piezo

31
Q

piezoelectric vs magnetostrictice ultrasonic: magnetized stacks convert electrical energy into mechanical vibrations (generates heat) – interchangeable INSERTS

A

magneto

32
Q

using a powered instrument for deplaquing, the ideal frequency and amplitude should be

A

low/low

33
Q

for heavy calculus removal, the ideal frequency and amplitude should be

A

high/high

34
Q

reasons to match tip design to the task(3):

A

Straight tip for simple anatomy

Curved tip for complex anatomy, furcations and proximal areas

Diameter and cross section of tip

35
Q

Burnished calc results from: (2)

A

Inappropriate power setting

Incorrect technique or worn tips

36
Q

____ _____ is impervious to detection

A

burnished calc

37
Q

_______ _____ may indicate presence of burnished calculus

A

bleeding points

38
Q

Indications for use of ultrasonic:

A

Propy of any degree/tenacity of plaque, calculus, and stain removal
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy: debridement and root planing
Gingivitis & periodontitis: perio maintenance
Removal of amalgam overhang, excess ortho/restoration cement
Natural teeth and dental implants

39
Q

When NOT to use ultrasonics?

A

DO NOT use on primary & newly erupted teeth as they have large pulp chambers and exposed dentin and demineralized areas

DO NOT use on damaged restorations: porcelain fracture, reduce marginal integrity, composite surface defects, scratch/corrode dental implant crowns, abutment, and post

40
Q

contraindications for use: list communicable diseases (3)

A

TB, active hepatitis, strep throat

41
Q

contraindications for use: immunocompromised (3)

A

chemotherapy, organ transplant, uncontrolled diabetes

42
Q

contraindications for use: respiratory risks

A

COPD, asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, CVD, pulmonary disease

43
Q

contraindications for use: conditions that cause difficulty swallowing and prone to gagging (4)

A

MS, muscular dystrophy, parkinsons, paralysis

44
Q

what is NO LONGER a contraindication for use with piezo scaler?

A

unshielded cardiac pacemaker

45
Q

most common, surgically placed in the bone, placed in parts

A

endoseal

46
Q

endoseal part (4)

A

implant fixture, abutment, crown, screw

47
Q

Requires a two-piece assembly: an abutment is attached to the implant with a screw.

A

cemented implant crown

48
Q

advantages of cemented implant crown:

A

looks like a natural tooth, more cosmetic flexibility

49
Q

disadvantages of cemented implant crown:

A

cement can cause inflammation and bone loss, removal options are limited.

50
Q

Requires a one-piece assembly: a crown is attached to the implant with a screw.

A

screw retained implant crown

51
Q

advantages of screw retained implant crown

A

easy access to the screw, no cement required

52
Q

disadvantages of screw retained implant crown

A

crown may chip near access hole, cosmetic appearance may not be as ideal.

53
Q

name the implant type not commonly used today, surgically placed under gingival tissue over alveolar ridge, used on patients with inadequate alveolar bone because it is not inserted in bone augmentation.

A

subperiosteal

54
Q

name the implants that used for placement of bridges and dentures

A

endosteal implant supported prosthesis

55
Q

the fim, direct, and lasting biological attachment of a metallic implant to vital bone with no intervening connective tissue.

A

osseointegration

56
Q

inflammation of the gingival soft tissue (reversible)

A

peri-mucositis

57
Q

inflammation of the gingival soft tissue and rapid loss of crestal bone (irreversible)

A

peri implantitis

Periodontology (3 decks)

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