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Biochemistry Lec 2ndYR 1stSem Finals > Quiz on Bioenergetics and Carbohydrate Metabolism > Flashcards

Quiz on Bioenergetics and Carbohydrate Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Biological oxidation-reduction reactions always involve:

I. direct participation of oxygen.
II. formation of water
III. mitochondria
IV. electron transfer
V. hydrogen transfer

A

IV only

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2
Q

Which of the following statements about the first law of thermodynamics is true?

  • Energy is synthesized and transferred to another form
  • Any changes in energy is manifested as transformation into another form of
    energy
  • Gibbs free energy is equal to the total change of energy in the system
  • Energy has an effect to the randomness of the system
A

Any changes in energy is manifested as transformation into another form of energy

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3
Q

Which of the following is true about a reaction that has a negative Gibbs free energy?

  • Usually an anabolic reaction
  • Coupled to an endergonic reaction
  • Non-spontaneous reaction
  • Shows an uphill course if graphically illustrated
A

Coupled to an endergonic reaction

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4
Q

The conversion of ATP to ADP requires the hydrolysis of which of the following bonds?

  • Phosphoanhydride
  • Phosphodiester
  • Phosphohydride
  • Both Phosphodiester and Phosphoanhydride
A

Phosphoanhydride

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5
Q

Which of the following is a reduction reaction?

  • NADH to NAD+
  • FAD to FADH2
  • ATP to ADP
  • All of the choices
A

FAD to FADH2

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6
Q

What is the vitamin associated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide?

  • B3
  • B1
  • B5
  • B2
A

B3

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7
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the free energy change (ΔG) is false?

  • The energy change for a reaction depends only on the initial and final states,
    and is independent of the path taken.
  • The energy change is a function of the concentrations of the products and
    reactants at start.
  • The rate of a reaction can be determined from the energy change.
  • The overall energy change for a reaction could be calculated by summing
    the energy changes for a series of separate reactions that could convert the
    reactants to the products.
A

The rate of a reaction can be determined from the energy change.

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8
Q

Which of the following correctly describes catabolism?

  • It is a reductive process that releases energy
  • It is a reductive process that requires energy
  • It is an oxidative process that releases energy
  • It is an oxidative process that requires energy
A

It is an oxidative process that releases energy

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9
Q

Which of the following coenzymes is NOT a carrier of electrons in biological redox reactions?

  • None of the choices
  • NAD
  • FAD
  • Coenzyme A
A

Coenzyme A

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10
Q

NADP differs from NADH by having an additional phosphate group in which of the specific site?

2’-carbon of ribose

3’-carbon of ribose

2’-hydroxyl group of ribose

3’-hydroxyl of ribose

A

2’-hydroxyl group of ribose

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11
Q

This thermodynamic quantity reflects the number and kinds of chemical bonds in the reactants and products.

  • Entropy
  • Gibbs free energy
  • Enthalpy
  • None of the choices
A

Enthalpy

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12
Q

What is the ultimate electron acceptor in aerobic oxidation?

  • NADPH
  • Oxygen
  • Electron
  • Hydrogen
A

Oxygen

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13
Q

Coenzyme A is notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. This substance is derived from which of the following?

  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin B5
  • Vitamin B1
  • Vitamin B3
A

Vitamin B5

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14
Q

Thermodynamically speaking, living organisms preserve their internal order by which of the following?

  • in thermodynamically equilibrium state with the surrounding
  • returning more energy to their surroundings an equal amount of energy
  • isolating matter from within
  • taking from the surroundings free energy
A

taking from the surroundings free energy

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15
Q

The hexose monophosphate shunt pathway is utilized for all of the following EXCEPT which one?

ribose-5-phosphate degradation

ribose-5-phosphate synthesis

generation of NADPH

formation of ATP

A

formation of ATP

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16
Q

Which of the following metabolic processes in the cell proceed by different pathways in the forward and reverse directions, under physiological conditions?

  1. Glucose to glucose 6-phosphate.
  2. Fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
  3. Phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate.
  4. 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.

Identify which are correct

A

1, 2, and 3 are correct.

17
Q

What is the pathway for glucose synthesis by non-carbohydrate precursors?

  • Glycolysis
  • Glycogenesis
  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Glycogenolysis
A

Gluconeogenesis

18
Q

Where is the major site for gluconeogenesis?

  • Blood
  • Brain
  • Liver
  • Muscles
A

Liver

19
Q

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

  • Glycolysis occurs in mitochondria
  • Glycolysis occurs when ATP concentration is high.
  • Glycolysis occurs only in mammalian cells
  • Glycolysis occurs in the presence and absence of oxygen
A

Glycolysis occurs in the presence and absence of oxygen

20
Q

The net gain of ATP during the conversion of glucose to pyruvate is:

  • 2 ATP
  • 1 ATP + 1 UDP
  • 4 ATP
  • 1 ATP
A

2 ATP

21
Q

During the conversion of glucose to pyruvate, two NADH molecules are generated. Which of the following steps generates NADH?

  • Conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate
  • Conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
  • Conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1-6-bisphosphate
  • Conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate
A

Conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

22
Q

Which of the following are major sites for glycogen storage?

  • Adipose tissues
  • Muscle and liver
  • Bones
  • Kidney and liver
A

Adipose tissues

23
Q

Which of the following statements about glycogenesis is true?

  • At the start of the process, attachment of glucose residues is autocatalyzed
    by glycogenin.
  • At the start of the process, attachment of glucose residues is autocatalyzed
    by glycogen synthase.
  • Branching enzymes catalyze the attachment of a single glucose residue at
    an a(1->6) glycosidic linkage
  • The branching of glycogen is catalyzed by glycogenin.
A

At the start of the process, attachment of glucose residues is autocatalyzed by glycogenin.

24
Q

It is a key hormone that is central in the understanding of diabetes mellitus.

  • Glucagon
  • Insulin
  • Cortisol
  • Somatostatin
A

Insulin

Biochemistry Lec 2ndYR 1stSem Finals (3 decks)

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