Lipid Metabolism Flashcards
The first step in utilizing fatty acids as energy begins with what step?
- The formation of a thioester bond between a fatty acid and acetyl-CoA.
- Hydrolysis and liberation of glycerol from phospholipids.
- The formation of a hydroxyl bond between a fatty acid and FADH.
- Oxidation and formation of covalent bonds between carbons of the fatty acid.
The formation of a thioester bond between a fatty acid and acetyl-CoA.
What is the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the ester bonds in fatty acid activation?
- LCAT
- Phospholipase A2
- acyl-CoA synthetase
- ADA
acyl-CoA synthetase
Transportation of the activated fatty acid to the mitochondria is done by _______ as the carrier.
- Arginine
- Leucine
- Carnitine
- Phosphoserine
Carnitine
A five-year-old child had numerous bouts of lethargy and loss of consciousness. Diagnostics revealed a problem in the main pathway of fatty acid metabolism. What is this pathway?
Lipolysis
A-hydrolysis
Citric Acid Cycle
B-oxidation
B-oxidation
What is the FIRST source of ATP yield in fatty acid metabolism?
- Reoxidation of the NADH and FADH2.
- Formation of ketones.
- Hydrolysis of steroids.
- Processing of the acetyl-CoA through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
Reoxidation of the NADH and FADH2.
What is the SECOND source of ATP yield in fatty acid metabolism?
- Hydrolysis of steroids.
- Reoxidation of the NADH and FADH2.
- Processing of the acetyl-CoA through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
- Formation of ketones.
Processing of the acetyl-CoA through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
A child was only given carbohydrates by “health conscious” parents and always presented with low energy levels. Why should a balanced diet with adequate fat content be given?
- Carbohydrates is hydrophobic.
- Carbohydrates possess toxins.
- The yield of ATP from the oxidation of the lipid is still higher than that from the carbohydrate.
- The yield of ATP from the oxidation of the carbohydrate is still higher than that from the lipids.
The yield of ATP from the oxidation of the lipid is still higher than that from the carbohydrate.
What is the reason for the higher ATP yield from fatty acids in comparison to carbohydrates?
- Fatty acids are all hydrocarbon except for the carboxyl group thus it exists in a highly oxidized state.
- Fatty acids are all hydrocarbon except for the carboxyl group thus it exists in a highly reduced state.
- Fatty acids have more double bonds which indicate higher energy potential.
- Fatty acids have more triple bonds which indicate higher energy potential.
Fatty acids are all hydrocarbon except for the carboxyl group thus it exists in a highly reduced state.
Why is the ATP yield of carbohydrates are lower than lipids?
- A cyclic structure is reduces ATP yield.
- A sugar is already partly oxidized because of the presence of its oxygen-containing groups.
- Presence of water in sugars reduces ATP yield.
- A sugar is already partly reduced because of the presence of its oxygen-containing groups.
A sugar is already partly oxidized because of the presence of its oxygen-containing groups.
The FADH2 and NADH produced by b-oxidation produce ATP via entrance in to the?
- Gluconeogenesis
- Electron transport Chain
- Glycolysis
- Urea Cycle
Electron transport Chain
What bond is created when activation of fatty acids occurs?
- Formation of a thioester bond between a fatty acid and succinyl-CoA
- Formation of a covalent bond between a fatty acid and acetyl-CoA.
- Formation of a thioester bond between a fatty acid and acetyl-CoA.
- Formation of a thioester bond between a glycogen and acetyl-CoA.
Formation of a thioester bond between a fatty acid and acetyl-CoA.
What enzyme is responsible for the activation of fatty acids?
- ADA
- LCAT
- Phospholipase A2
- acyl-CoA synthetase.
acyl-CoA synthetase.
A sugar is already partly oxidized because of the presence of its oxygen-containing groups. This the reason why?
- Carbohydrates are hydrophobic
- Carbohydrates have less energy in them than fats
- Carbohydrates have less energy in them than ketones
- Carbohydrates have more energy in them than fats
Carbohydrates have less energy in them than fats
What characteristic of fatty acids make it’s ATP yield large?
- Highly Reduced state
- Hydrophobic
- Simple Chemical Structure
- Bipolarity
Highly Reduced state
A junior asks you what gives the cell membrane some degree of rigidity?
- Stearic Acid
- Cholesterol
- Sialic Acid
- Phospholipids
Cholesterol
