QUIZ: NUCLEIC ACID STRUCTURE AND DNA REPLICATION Flashcards
Biochemical carrier of the traits
Genes
It is composed of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar and a phosphate
Nucleotide
A double stranded molecule found in the chromosome
deoxyribonucleic acid
A nucleobase that is made up of two rings
Purine
Total of the genes in a living organism
Genome
Cytosine, thymine and uracil belongs to this group
Pyrimidine
The interaction of the base pairs of the nucleic acids
Complimentary base
The bond which is responsible for the polymeric structure of the nucleic acids
Phosphodiester bond
The sugar component of the DNA and RNA
Pentose
Bond between sugar and nucleotide base
Beta glycosidic bond
type of packing that happens in DNA inside the nucleus
Supercoiling
Protein octamer found in the supercoiled structure of the DNA
Histone
Has more hydrogen bonds
G-C Pair
Composed of DNA coiled to a histone and locked by a histone H1 protein
Nucleosome
The amounmt of A in DNA is equal to the amount of T
Chargaff Rule
It is the process of biologically producing new DNA dauther molecules
DNA Replication
The stage in the cell cycle where DNA is produces
S-phase
Enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double strand
Helicase
it attaches the nucleotide to the 3’ end of the growing nucleic acid
DNA Polymerase III
Prokaryotic start site for DNA replication
Ori C
Produced of semi-discontinuous process of DNA synthesis
Okazaki fragments
Proteins responsible for maintaining and protecting the denatured DNA
SSBP
Process of correcting the mismatched base pairs
Proofreading
The strand which is synthesized discontinuously
Lagging strand
Protein that signals the termination of replication
Tus protein
