Quiz III and IV Flashcards
he was the president of Chile between 1886-1890, he attempted to make tax reforms and begin to break up the foreign monopoly over railroads, his policies ended up in a civil war, his side lost and he committed suicide the day after his last day in office
Jose Balmaceda
the period and instruments of the 1857 Constitution that was the model for the 1917 Constitution, it was the period under the rule of Benito Juarez
La Reforma
term used to describe “new money”
nouveaux riches
he was the father of the “presidential system” where the president held the power in Chile, he was the defense minister in the first War of the Pacific and was assassinated during the war
Diego Portales
he wrote “The Master and the Slaves” in early 20th c, which was the first examination of Brazilian slavery
Gilberto Freyre
he was the Habsburg ruler in Mexico from 1864-1867, upon his execution the liberal rule of Mexico returned
Ferdinand Maximillian
term given to the massive landholdings by one individual, usually by a self-sustaining entity
latifundia
term given to the period of great destruction in Venezuela in the early period
guerra a muerte
landless laborers who were unorganized and not represented by the systems set up by the revolutionary government
campesinos
this state in Brazil acted as an autonomous state for a ten year period in the early stages of Brazil’s independence
Rio Grande de Sol
this is an organization in Argentina that was used by the dictator during the 1840s to terrorize his opponents
mazorca
this was a special clause in the Brazilian constitution giving the executive certain privileges
Poder Moderador
the Chilean leader of its independence movement, but as ruler he was autocratic
Bernardo O’Higgins
term for the communal lands farmed by Indian villages in Mexico
ejido
he was a Pernambucan deputy and a leader of the emancipation of slaves in Brazil in the 1880s
Joaquim Nubuco
(t/f) when Brazil became independent, half of its population was of African descent
t
(t/f) the Sexagenarian Laws passed in 1887 said that all new children born to slave mothers were set free
f — law of the womb
(t/f) the steam engine’s invention helped develop Argentina by powering the new invention of refrigeration
f
(t/f) Chile was more dependent on the export of nitrates before 1900 rather than the export of copper
t
Mexico was one of the few countries to experience a stable political and economic climate after gaining its independence
f
Porifio Diaz created the _____ ____ to put down unrest in rural areas
Guardias Furales
the term for a strong, doctoral Latin American leader of a region or nation is a _______
caudillo
how much (%-wise) land was lost to the US during the Mexican American War
~50%
social darwinism
Herbert Spencer
the _____ were the faction that was opposed by Brazil but nonetheless would gain control of Uruguay
blancos
when the Mexican Revolution in 1810 occurred, Mexico lost capital and intellectuals because
the Mexicans drove the Spanish out
the most significant caudillo, figure, in Argentina’s history Argentina’s early national period was
Juan Manuel de Rosas
the largest group of immigrants to Argentina were from
Italy
Argentina’s growth was one of the longest sustained growth rates, with the average rate being __% from the period 1880-1910
5%
the author of Facundo was
Domingo Sarmiento (Argentina)
one of the major problems with Argentina, according to Ricardo Rojas, was that
the native americans had lost their cultural identity
tied to Europe
all of the following were steps to end Brazilian slavery except
Sexagenarian Law
which area of Brazil was run as if it were independent the first half of the nineteenth century
Rio Grande do Sul
during the early nineteenth century, Brazil would face many of the same challenges as other Latin American countries such as
debates concerning federalism and centralism in the government structure
