Quiz Four Flashcards
What was Barry Goldwater’s conservative philosophy? Which Republican President used this plan and won the White House?
That philosophy, however, remained the bedrock of conservatism for years to come: intense anticommunism, a critique of the welfare state for destroying “the dignity of the individual,” and a demand for cuts in taxes and government regulations. Less than two decades later, Reagan brought these ideas to the White House.
How did Title IX and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act influence the lives of American women?
During the Nixon years, women made inroads into areas from which they had long been excluded. In 1972, Congress approved Title IX, which banned gender discrimination in higher education, and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, which required that married women be given access to credit in their own name.
Although his presidency was considered a failure, when and where did Jimmy Carter achieve political success?
Jimmy Carter’s reputation improved after he left the White House. He went to work for Habitat for Humanity, an organization that constructs homes for poor families. In the 1990s, he negotiated a cease-fire between warring Muslim and Serb forces in Bosnia and arranged a peaceful transfer of power from the military to an elected government in Haiti. In 2002, Carter was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
What is “glasnost and perestroika?”
Gorbachev inaugurated policies known as glasnost (political openness) and perestroika (economic reform).
How did immigration change the face of Black America?
One major change in black life was the growing visibility of Africans among the nation’s immigrants. Between 1970 and 2010, more than twice as many Africans immigrated to the United States as had entered during the entire period of the Atlantic slave trade. For the first time, all the elements of the African diaspora natives of Africa, Caribbeans, Central and South Americans of African descent, Europeans with African roots could be found in the United States alongside the descendants of American slaves.
Nigeria, Ghana, and Ethiopia provided the largest number of African immigrants, and they settled overwhelmingly in urban areas, primarily in New York, California, Texas, and the District of Columbia.
How did the computer change American life? Who were the “architects” of the computer revolution?
Beginning in the 1980s, companies like Apple and IBM marketed computers for business and home use. As computers became smaller, faster, and less expensive, they found a place in businesses of every kind. In occupations as diverse as clerical work, banking, architectural design, medical diagnosis, and even factory production, they transformed the American workplace. They also changed private life. By the year 2000, nearly half of all American households owned a personal computer, used for entertainment, shopping, and sending and receiving electronic mail.
Two architects of the computer revolution, Steve Jobs (on the left), the head of Apple Computer, and Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, which makes the operating system used in most of the world’s computers.
What was the cause of the rise of imprisonment in America?
During the 1960s, the nation’s prison population declined. But in the 1970s, as noted in the previous chapter, with urban crime rates rising, politicians of both parties sought to convey the image of being “tough on crime.” They treated drug addiction as a violation of the law rather than as a disease. State governments greatly increased the penalties for crime and reduced the possibility of parole,
As the prison population grew, a “prison-industrial complex” emerged.
Struggling communities battered by deindustrialization saw prisons as a source of jobs and income.
According to the picture on p.1134, who was the first woman to have served on the United States Supreme Court? Obama in Office
This photograph, taken in 2010, depicts the four women who have served on the Supreme Court. From left to right: Sandra Day O’Connor, the first female justice (appointed in 1981); Sonia Sotomayor (2009); Ruth Bader Ginsburg (1993); and Elena Kagan (2010).
What was the focus of the protest “Occupy Wall Street?” p.1139 The Occupy Movement
The problem of inequality burst into public discussion in 2011. On September 17, a few dozen young protesters unrolled sleeping bags in Zuccotti Park, in the heart of New York City’s financial district. They vowed to remain—to Occupy Wall Street, as they put it—as a protest against growing economic inequality, declining opportunity, and malfeasance by the banks.
What was the Tea Party’s appeal to its supporters and how did it affect President Obama’s first term? p.1147 The Republican Resurgence
The Tea Party, named for the Boston Tea Party of the 1770s and inspired by its opposition to taxation by a far-away government, mobilized grassroots opposition to the administration. The Tea Party appealed to a long-established American fear of overbearing federal power, as well as to more recent anxieties, especially about immigration. Some supporters advocated repealing the provision of the Fourteenth Amendment granting automatic citizenship to all persons born in the United States. With their opponents energized and their own supporters demoralized by the slow pace of economic recovery, Democrats suffered a severe reversal. Republicans swept to control of the House of Representatives and substantially reduced the Democratic majority in the Senate. The outcome at the national level was political gridlock that lasted for the remainder of Obama’s presidency. Obama could no longer get significant legislation through Congress
