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First Quarter > Quiz Bio > Flashcards

Quiz Bio Flashcards

1
Q

Are very complex organic substances made up of carbon hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Sulfur may also be present.

A

Protein

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2
Q

Just like Fatty acids, Amino acid have

A

Carboxyl group

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3
Q

one end and on the end they have

A

Amino group

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4
Q

consists of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom whereas carboxyl group

A

Carbonyl group

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5
Q

Amino acids form a long chains called

A

Polypeptides

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6
Q

How many polypeptide has in a protein

A

One or more

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7
Q

serve as the building blocks of proteins.

A

Polypeptides

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8
Q

serve as the building blocks of polypeptides

A

Amino acid

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9
Q

9 amino acids

A

Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Valine

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10
Q

selective acceleration or chemical reaction
Ex: Amylase

A

Enzymatic proteins

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11
Q

Support
Ex:keratin

A

Structural proteins

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12
Q

Storage of amino acid
Ex: albumin

A

Storage protein

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13
Q

Transport of other substances
Ex:hemoglobin

A

Transport protein

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14
Q

Coordination of an organisms activities
Ex: insulin

A

Hormonal proteins

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15
Q

Responses of a cell to chemical stimuli
Ex: actin and myosin

A

Receptor proteins

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16
Q

Movement
Ex: actin and myosin

A

Contractile and motor proteins

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17
Q

Protection against diseases
Ex: antibodies

A

Defensive proteins

18
Q

• Bonds are more polar when there is great electronegativity difference between the atoms.

A

Polar side Chains

19
Q

• These side chains have pure hydrocarbon alkyl or aromatic groups. The number of alkyl groups affect the polarity of the amino acid.

A

Nonpolar side chains

20
Q

• One acidic functional group is enough to make an entire amino acid acidic.

A

Acidic side chains

21
Q

• An amine functional group produces a basic side chain.

A

Basic side chains

22
Q

• An amino acid that has both amine and acidic functional groups has neutral side chain.

A

Neutral side chains

23
Q

Amino acid link to one another to form protein through

A

Polymerization

24
Q

The sequence of amino acids in a Peptide bond polypeptide

A

Primary

25
Q

Formation of helices and pleated sheets in a polvpeptide

A

Secondary

26
Q

Overall three dimensional shape
contribution from secondary structure

A

Teritary

27
Q

Shape produced by combinations
combinations of polypeptide thus combination of tertiary structure

A

Quaternary

28
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

DNA

29
Q

Ribonucleic acid

A

RNA

30
Q

• Each nucleic acid is made up of monomers called

A

Nucleotides

31
Q

If the structure is without a phosphate it is called

A

Nucleoside

32
Q

Pyrimidines which have 6 membered rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms that tend to take up H* from solutions for which they are called nitrogenous bases. These are cytosine, thymine (in RNA), and uracil (in DNA).

A

First family of nitrogen bases

33
Q

composed of purines, which are larger and have five to six membered rings. These include adenine and guanine

A

Second family of nitrogen bases

34
Q

established two empirical rules regarding nitrogenous bases.

A

• Austro-Hungarian biochemist Erwin Chargaff

35
Q

The number of purines in a DNA molecule is equal to the number of

A

Pyrimidines

36
Q

The numbers of thymine and adenine are equal; so are the number of

A

cytosine and guanine.

37
Q

can be found in some parts of these paired nitrogenous bases

A

Gene

38
Q

also functions as a coder in the protein production of the cell, which ultimately affects the structural elements and/or functions of cells in the bodv.

A

DNA

39
Q

an RNA molecule is performed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase where partial unwinding of the DNA that codes for the needed protein can be transcribed.

A

Transcription

40
Q

Three subtypes of RNA

A

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

First Quarter (6 decks)

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