Quiz and Exam 3 Flashcards
Intensive agriculture
A type of agriculture that invests lots of resources into small areas in order to increase the yield of those products
Extensive agriculture
A type of agriculture that invests in larger areas, investing lower quantities of labor and resources
Amphorae
large ceramic jar with narrow neck, that held wine, oils, milk, grain
Monte Testaccio
A large artificial mound in Rome composed of olive-oil amphorae
Terra Sigillata
type of Roman clay pottery mass-produced around the first century; glossy red color
Swaddling
the practice of wrapping a baby tightly in cloth to help them sleep
Large Herculaneum Woman
Popular, mass-produced sculptural type used in portraits of Roman women, represent goddesses or muses
Damnatio Memoriae
the phenomenon in which the government condemned the memory of a person who was seen as a tyrant, traitor, or enemy to the state
Leptis Magna
ancient city in Libya, Hometown of Septimius Severus, he built many public monuments there
Hypocaust system
A central heating system circulating hot air below the floor of a room used to heat up public hot baths
Frigidarium
One of three temperature-regulated rooms in a bathhouse, the cold room in a bath chamber
Caldarium
One of three temperature-regulated rooms in a bathhouse, the hot room in a bath chamber
Hercules
A legendary Roman hero known for his incredible strength and 12 labors
Dirce
Queen of Thebes, her nephew Antiope was raped by Zeus and when she left her kids to herdsmen, she was returned to Dirce who continued to treat her poorly, when she escapes she finds her sons and when Dirce comes to find Antiope they tie her to a bull.
Vindolanda
A series of Roman wooden forts from the 1st-2nd century, buried to have a stone fort built over
Dura Europos
A Roman border city known for its multiculturalism and the well-preserved remains of its Hellenistic, Parthian, and Roman architecture.
Mithraeum
A Mithraic temple located underground; used by worshippers of Mithras
Baalshamin
major god in the Roman Empire worshiped in Syria, comparable to the Greek god Zeus in abilities, a storm god
Creusa
wife of the hero Jason, killed by Jason’s former wife Medea when she is gifted a crown and robe, which are poisoned and burst into flames when she puts them on. Creusa dies in agony and Medea (after also killing her own children) escapes.
Tetrarchy
a division of power among four individuals, with two senior emperors called Augusti and two junior emperors called Caesars
Tomb of Eurysaces, Rome, concrete and travertine, 50 - 20 BCE
The funerary monument for the baker Eurysaces has lots of symbolism and alludes to the life of the person the tomb was created for, the resting place of him and his wife, a notable example of Roman funerary architecture, resembles a baker’s oven as well as reliefs of the breadmaking process, a freedperson
Tomb of Aulus Memmius Clarus, Rome, 1st cent. CE
a well-preserved example of a Roman funerary, monument columns supporting an elaborate pediment, and a relief panel, an epitaph dedicated to Aulus Memmius Clarus by his close friend, they were two freed slaves
Tomb of Junia Procta, Rome, 1st cent. CE
funerary architecture built for a woman, she was a freed slave that married her owner, on the front she is commemorated but on the back, she is cursed for leaving her husband and taking the kids, its simple design and decoration reflect the conservative tastes of the Roman elite during the early Imperial period.
Lamp, Kavala (Greece), bronze 4th cent. CE
a notable example of Roman-era metalwork that features a person on one knee with torque signifying a slave or enemy of Rome, stereotyped by a bigger mouth and heavy brows. with a handle and spout, and is decorated with intricate relief sculptures depicting scenes from mythology and everyday life, showcasing the skilled craftsmanship and artistry of ancient Greek and Roman metalworkers.