Quiz and Exam 2

Question 1

Julio-Claudians

Answer 1

Roman dynasty of Julius Caesar’s successors and the first 5 emperors to rule the Roman Empire, starting from Augustus to Nero

Question 2

Polyphemus

Answer 2

The one-eyed giant in the Odyssey, the Son of Poseidon, is blinded by Odysseus during their escape from his cave.

Question 3

Scylla

Answer 3

a female sea monster in Greek Mythology and present in the Odyssey, 6 men sacrificed to her in order to let them pass through the sea, 6 heads on long-snaky necks

Question 4

Barrel vault

Answer 4

an continuous set of arches along a given distance, smooth, no hard edges, creates a tunnel-like ceiling

Question 5

Groin vault

Answer 5

formed by the perpendicular intersection of two barrel vaults, used for ceiling structural support, limits materials needed for ceiling construction

Question 6

Noxii

Answer 6

Criminals or outcasts condemned to gladiator battles against unfair match-ups such as professional gladiators or beasts, most likely to result in their deaths, basically public execution

Question 7

Bestiarius

Answer 7

Roman gladiators who went up against beasts

Question 8

Gaul

Answer 8

ancient regions of France, Belgium, west Germany, and north Italy, annexed by Rome, Home of La Tène Culture

Question 9

La Tène

Answer 9

culture originating in the Late Iron Age, doesn’t correspond to any ethnic group, culture overlapped with Celts, material culture lots of metalwork, buried with swords, carts, household goods

Question 10

Wetwang Woman

Answer 10

Female skeleton found in Yorkshire, died from injuries such as a fall, buried with a chariot, believed to be a Celtic warrior

Question 11

Oppidum

Answer 11

an ancient Roman provincial town lacking self-government, fortified settlement

Question 12

Wicker men

Answer 12

a large wicker statue in which the druids (priests of Celtic paganism) sacrificed humans and animals by burning.

Question 13

Atrium

Answer 13

Main room or public part of a house, center of houses social and political life

Question 14

Tablinum

Answer 14

office, records kept, also a dining room, would be aligned, with the street so that citizens walking by or coming in could see the paterfamilias (head of household) at work.

Question 15

Peristyle

Answer 15

open garden surrounded by continuous porch formed by row of columns

Question 16

Pentheus

Answer 16

king of Thebes, tries to defy the god Dionysus by banning worship of him, he is tricked and ripped limb from limb, name means “Man of Sorrows

Question 17

Dirce

Answer 17

queen of Thebes, her nephew Antiope was raped by Zeus and when she left her kids to herdsmen, and she was returned to Dirce who treated her poorly, when she escapes she finds her sons and when Dirce comes to find Antiope they tie her to bull.

Question 18

Dacia

Answer 18

province in ancient Rome, present Romania, Trajan waged war against them to take over their territory

Question 19

Canopus

Answer 19

A private-pool representing a branch of the Nile located in Emperor Hadrian’s Villa, some artistic inspiration taken from Ancient Greece

Question 20

Damnatio memoriae

Answer 20

The progressive
memory removal of anybody that government-deemed a tyrant

Question 21

Portrait of Augustus as Imperator

Answer 21

Marble portrait of Augustus, god-like imagery, youthful look in a authoritative pose showing his strength and leadership as a general, his breastplate depicts a Parthian giving a Roman a military banner, Cupid is present on a dolphin because of Augustus and Julius Caesar’s claim that the Julian family descended from the goddess Venus

Question 22

Blinding of Polyphemus

Answer 22

1st century Marble structure at Tiberius’s villa depicting the Odyssey’s hero Odysseus and his men sneakily plunging a burning stake into the one-eyed giant Polyphemus’ eye

Question 23

Domus Aurea Dining Room

Answer 23

1st-century dining room in Emperor Nero’s palace located in the Domus Aurea that supposedly rotated, while the ceiling turned, perfumes were sprayed over guests and dropped rose petals, made from marble, speculation that it was manually rotated by slaves underneath

Question 24

Arch of Titus

Answer 24

1st century honor arch made from marble, built by Emperor Domitian to commemorate his older brother and predecessor Titus, relief on arch depicts the fall of Jerusalem, shows Jewish spoils being taken in victory

Question 25

Colosseum

Answer 25

built in the 1st century ordered by Emperor Vespasian, built in order to revitalize Rome after the turbulent reign of the 4 emperors, hosted games, gladiatorial combats and wild animal fights

Question 26

Sanctuary, Gournay-sur-Aronde

Answer 26

3rd-century commune, La Tene, Late Iron Age, home to many animal and human sacrifices as shown by massive amounts of bones found at the site, skulls shown on the front entrance

Question 27

Aqueduct, Nimes

Answer 27

1st-century aqueduct, Roman monument, 50 km long, supplied Nimes with water, supplied fresh water for baths, fountains, and drinking water for citizens

Question 28

Cernunnos between Apollo and Mercury

Answer 28

1st-century relief showing the Celtic god Cernunnos with Apollo on the left and Mercury on the right, Cernunnos is a god depicted with antlers and seated cross-legged, he has a wolf and deer by his feet, “lord of wild things

Question 29

House of the Faun

Answer 29

2nd century palace, framed by peristyle, Pompeii, one of the largest and most expensive residence in Pompeii, housed many mosaics with the most notable being the Alexander mosaic, had storefront shops

Question 30

Villa, Settefinestre

Answer 30

2nd-century villa, run by slaves, with many narrow hallways indicating slave quarters, hidden so guests could not see where slaves roam, rooms not far apart

Question 31

Domitan’s Palace

Answer 31

1st-century palace built for the emperor Domitian separated into the Domus Flavia, the Domus Augustana, and the garden, business matters and private matters were separated into different wings, also had public gardens for guests to enjoy

Question 32

Woman of the guise of Venus

Answer 32

A nude woman posing like the goddess Venus, she represents beauty, sexuality, and fertility; her facial expression is stern, middle-aged, elegant style of popular female hairstyle at the time, do not follow the interest in realism

Question 33

Bust of Hadrian

Answer 33

Portrait of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, cousin of Trajan, he had been appointed to be the next heir after Trajan, Hadrian was heavily influenced by Greek culture, he wore a beard which wasn’t common for Romans

Question 34

Pantheon, Rome

Answer 34

A temple dedicated to all Roman gods, rebuilt after the Great Fire of Rome, construction started under Trajan’s Rule, finished under Hadrian, has a Room with a massive domed ceiling that was the largest of its kind

Question 35

Column of Marcus Aurelius

Answer 35

A spiral Roman victory column, deep carvings so painting was more legible , gods are depicted, shows campaign against Germans and Sarmatians