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Y4: Neurology > Quiz > Flashcards

Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

the nucleus basalis of meynert is affected early in this disease

A

alzheimer’s disease

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2
Q

A trinucleotide repeat expansion of ‘CAG’ with choreic movements.

A

huntington’s disease

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3
Q

In this disease, degeneration of the midbrain leads to vertical gaze palsy.

A

progressive supranuclear palsy

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4
Q

Adults with this hereditary disease are associated with Alzheimer’s disease in
later life.

A

down’s syndrome

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5
Q

Loss of dopamineric neurons in the substania nigra.

A

PD

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6
Q

Resting tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia.

A

PD

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7
Q

hemiballism- associated diagnosis?

A

subthalamic lesion

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8
Q

Parkinsonism with orthostatic hypotension. Poor response to levodopa

A

multiple system atrophy

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9
Q

Widespread chorea due to rheumatic fever

A

sydenham’s

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10
Q

CSF: Clear, normal opening pressure with oligoclonal bands present

A

MS

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11
Q

Clear, normal opening pressure, lymphocytes present, high protein and
normal glucose

A

viral meningitis

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12
Q

Cloudy, elevated opening pressure, neutrophils present, high protein and low
glucose

A

bacterial meningitis

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13
Q

Opaque (if left to settle it forms a fibrin web), elevated opening pressure,
lymphocytes present, high protein and low glucose

A

TB meningitis

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14
Q

most useful diagnostic investigation in Alzheimer’s?

A

MMSE

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15
Q

most useful diagnostic investigation in frontotemporal dementia?

A

MRI

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16
Q

most useful diagnostic investigation in vascular dementia?

A

MRI

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17
Q

anti-epileptic drug: used in pregnancy. Side effects include a rash and Steven-Johnson
syndrome

A

lamotrigine

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18
Q

anti-epileptic drug: used as the first-line treatment for absence seizures. Blocks thalamic T-type
Ca2+ channels

A

ethosuxamide

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19
Q

Na+ channel inactivation with increase GABA concentration. Should be
avoided in females of childbearing age.

A

sodium valproate

20
Q

best management option: a patient with uncontrolled hypertension developed a stroke.

A

anti-hypertensive medication

21
Q

best management option: a patient had a seizure due to a cerebrovascular accident

A

carbamazepine (focal seizure)

22
Q

A patient with atrial fibrillation developed a stroke (best long-term
management).

A

warfarin

23
Q

Most useful Ix to order: A 65-year-old male patient presents to the clinic with double vision and ptosis. He also experiences weakness that gets worse during the day.

A

anti AchR Abs

24
Q

A 20-year-old female with tonic clonic seizures wishing to conceive soon.
What is the medication of choice?

A

lamotrigine

25
Q

A patient with known epilepsy presents with blurred vision and vertigo. Blood
results reveal hyponatremia. Which medication produces these side effects?

A

carbamazepine

26
Q

A mother has noticed her 8-year-old daughter has been day dreaming at not
paying attention. After discussing with her GP, an EEG was organised and
revealed a 3Hz spike waves. What medication is offered at this point?

A

ethosuximide

27
Q

Best management option:
A 58-year-old man with IHD requires treatment for an
acute migraine attack during which he has vomited that has not responded to
paracetamol

A

high dose NSAID with anti-emetic

28
Q

Best management option:
A 25-year-old male presents with right sided supraorbital pain and ipsilateral ptosis and miosis. The pain lasts 30 mins and usually comes about at the
same time every night.

A

high flow oxygen with SC sumatriptan

29
Q

Best management option:
A 55-year-old female presents with left sided supraorbital pain with ipsilateral nasal congestion. This occurs about 20 times a day and lasts about 10 mins.

A

indomethacin

30
Q

best medication to use: Control of vomiting in a patient being treated for Parkinson’s disease.

A

domperidone

31
Q

best medication to use: A patient on therapy for Parkinson’s disease requires urgent treatment for
acute psychosis.

A

quetiapine

32
Q

Dyskinesia is a side effect of this drug used in the treatment of parkinson’s

A

levodopa

33
Q

Correct causative pathogen: A pregnant lady presents with signs of meningism. Cultures revealed gram‐positive, flagellated rods.

A

listeria

34
Q

Correct causative pathogen: An 18-year-old university student presents with stiff neck, photophobia and
fever. Cultures revealed a gram-negative diplococcus.

A

N. meningitidis

35
Q

Correct causative pathogen: A 3-year-old presents with signs of meningism. Culture revealed a gram‐negative coccobacillus. Prior to vaccination this was the most common cause
of meningitis in children.

A

haemophilus influenzae

36
Q

Symptomatic treatment for MS.

1) spasticity
2) fatigue
3) neuropathic pain

A

1) Baclofen
2) amantadine
3) amitriptyline

37
Q

Affected structure? A patient with sudden onset past-pointing, slurred speech and ataxic heel-toshin test.

A

cerebellum

38
Q

A stroke in this structure causes both motor and sensory symptoms

A

internal capsule

39
Q

A defect in this structure causes full paralysis except blinking and eye
movement.

A

basilar artery

40
Q

Most suitable investigation to confirm the diagnosis

A 21-year-old male with ascending sensorimotor paralysis

A

neurophysiology

41
Q

Most suitable investigation to confirm the diagnosis

A patient with stiff neck, photophobia and fever (CT scanner is broken).

A

LP

42
Q

Most suitable investigation to confirm the diagnosis

A patient with diplopia and bilateral ptosis worse at the end of the day. AntiAChR antibodies are negative.

A

Anti-Musk antibodies

43
Q

A 43-year-old lady presents to her GP complaining of weakness in her legs that
makes it difficult for her to stand up from a chair. She recently was diagnosed with
small cell lung cancer. Diagnosis?

A

Lambert eaton syndrome

44
Q

A 57-year-old male with behavioural abnormalities, lack of personal hygiene,
personality changes of gradual onset since 2–3 years, suggested by social
disinhibition in the form of micturition in the presence of family members. Diagnosis?

A

FTD

45
Q

A 65-year-old patient with fluctuating levels of awareness, recurrent visual
hallucinations and falls. Diagnosis?

A

Lewy body dementia

46
Q

A 19-year-old man is hospitalized in a psychiatric ward after developing visual and auditory hallucinations. He has a seizure soon after being admitted and is transferred
to the emergency room. He is postictal and noted to have a fever and meningism. Diagnosis?

A

herpes simplex encephalitis

Y4: Neurology (13 decks)

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