quiz 7/ midterm week Flashcards

1
Q

peristalsis contractions

A

food is moved thru alimentary track by..

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2
Q

peristaltic action

A

wave-like contractions and relaxations, smooth muscles contract while others relax

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3
Q

peristalsis

A

this is a characteristic thru the entire digestive tract

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4
Q

upper esophageal sphincter

A

most superior part of the esophagus

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5
Q

lower esophageal sphincter

A

medial part of the esophagus

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6
Q

cardiac sphincter

A

other name for the lower esophageal sphincter

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7
Q

stomach

A

most inferior part of the esophagus

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8
Q

immediately posterior to the trachea

A

location of the esophagus

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9
Q

only for swallowing

A

the esophagus is only open for….

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10
Q

collapsed

A

the esophagus is normally this…

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11
Q

cervical, throacic, and abdominal

A

3 divisions of the esophagus

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12
Q

cricopharngenus to the sternal notch

A

location of the cervical esophagus

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13
Q

sternal notch to diaphragmatic hiatus

A

location of the thoracic esophagus

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14
Q

external fibrous layer

A

shrink wrap around the esophagus, outer most layer

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15
Q

longitudinal muscle layer

A

this runs up and down the esophagus, outer layer

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16
Q

circular muscle layer

A

this is deep to the longitudinal layer, inner layer

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17
Q

longitudinal and circular muscle layer

A

together these 2 things create peristaltic actions

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18
Q

Auerbach’s Plexus

A

submucosal layer of the esophagus, network of nerve fibers that coordinate peristaltic movement

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19
Q

6-7 liters of mucous

A

this amount is secreted from the alimentary tract every day

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20
Q

reabsorbed

A

most of the secreted mucous in the digestive tract is…

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21
Q

sphincter

A

ring of muscle, constantly changing = relax and tighten, neural control

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22
Q

cardiac sphincter

A

upper terminus of the stomach

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23
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

lower terminus of the stomach

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24
Q

body

A

main portion of the stomach

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25
Q

fundus

A

most superior portion of the stomach

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26
Q

pylorus

A

most inferior portion of the stomach

27
Q

antrum

A

last section of stomach before the pyloric sphincter

28
Q

close off

A

the antrum can _____ from the rest of the stomach

29
Q

greater curvature

A

the outside curve of the stomach

30
Q

lesser curvature

A

the inner curve of the stomach

31
Q

outer longitudinal

A

outer muscle layer of the stomach

32
Q

inner circular

A

middle muscle layer of the stomach

33
Q

oblique layer

A

inner muscle layer of the stomach

34
Q

submucosal layer

A

on the inside of the stomach muscle layers

35
Q

serosa

A

outer connective layer, “shrink wrap” of the stomach

36
Q

mucosa rugae

A

ridges of the stomach

37
Q

pepsinogen

A

enzyme maker, secreted precursor

38
Q

pepsin

A

when pepsinogen mixes with HCl it creates this

39
Q

pepsin

A

breaks down proteins

40
Q

oxyntic (parietal cells), peptic cells, mucus cells

A

the oxyntic gland contains…

41
Q

parietal cells

A

other name for oxyntic cells

42
Q

chief cells

A

other name for peptic cells

43
Q

parietal cells (oxyntic)

A

intrinsic factor is located in…

44
Q

absorb vitamin b12 in lower gut, create bloodcells

A

what does the intrinsic factor do

45
Q

pepsinogen

A

peptic cells (chief cells) contain

46
Q

Gastrin

A

what is in the pyloric glands

47
Q

causes the release of HCl

A

gastrin does…

48
Q

into the bloodstream

A

gastrin goes into..

49
Q

duodenum, jejunum, Ileum

A

3 parts of the small intestine

50
Q

duodenum

A

connects to the stomach, shortest and widest of SI

51
Q

Jejunum

A

40% length of SI, feeding tube placed here

52
Q

Ileum

A

most inferior part of the SI

53
Q

Ptyalin

A

breaks down starch into simple polysaccharides in the oral cavity

54
Q

esophagus

A

has no break down effects in the eating proces

55
Q

anti-acids, H2 blockers, PPI (proton pump inhibitors)

A

3 ways to get rid of too much HCl

56
Q

H2 blockers

A

prevent histamine from doing job

57
Q

proton pump inhibitors

A

shut down oxyntic cells entirely

58
Q

voice, swallowing probs

A

too much HCl acid can lead to…

59
Q

Pancreas

A

secretes sodium bicarbinate to neutralize stomach acid

60
Q

pancreas

A

enzymes in this structure break down all 3 major food types

61
Q

Liver

A

bile secretion, digestion of fat

62
Q

Sm. and Large Intestine

A

absorb everything that is left over from digestion

63
Q

Hepatic Portal System

A

blood drainage system, all blood that comes out of the intestines go back thru the liver for chemical “cleaning”