Quiz 6 | incipit - mensa

Question 1

incense boat

Answer 1

Small bowl or container that holds the incense grains for use in the thurible.

Question 2

incipit

Answer 2

Latin: “beginning.” The opening words of a liturgical text. In music, the formula of notes used to begin a chant. The incipits of the Introit came to define and name many Sundays in the one-year lectionary (e.g., Ouasimodo geniti, lit., “like newborn babes,” for the Second Sunday of Easter).

Question 3

Introit

Answer 3

(in-TRO-it). Latin: introitus, “entering.” Proper of the Divine Service consisting of antiphon, psalm, Gloria Patri, and repeated antiphon. Historically, the beginning of the Divine Service proper. In the Early Church, a whole psalm was sung; the Gregorian reforms shortened it to a single verse.

Question 4

invitatory

Answer 4

(in-VYE-tuh-tore-ee). Latin: invitatorius, “inviting.” The versicle and response (or “respond”) that serves as an antiphon for the Venite. Proper invitatories are given according to the season. The response “O come, let us worship Him” is invariable.

Question 5

Invocation

Answer 5

Latin: invocare, “to call upon.” The confession of the triune name appearing at the beginning of a service or occasional rite. It serves as a reminder of Baptism and may be accompanied by the sign of the cross.

Question 6

isorhythmic

Answer 6

Also, “isometric.” Greek: ισοσ (“equal’”) + ρυθμóç ( measured motion”). Describes the change in Lutheran chorales that occurred after the sixteenth century in which the original, polyrhythmic versions of the melodies were evened out with all of the note values more or less the same. Based on the efforts of Fridrich Layriz and others, C. F. W. Walther led the way in the Missouri Synod for a return to the rhythmic versions.

Question 7

itinerarium

Answer 7

(eye-TIN-er-AHR-ee-oom). Latin: “route.” A brief order of prayer before travel.

Question 8

Kyrie (Eleison]

Answer 8

(KIH-ree-ay eh-LAY-ee-sohn). Latinized form of Greek: κυριε, ελεησον “Lord, have mercy:” The foundational Christian prayer drawn from the Gospels (e.g., the ten lepers in Luke 17, blind Bartimaeus in Mark 10, etc.). Liturgically, functions as an expansive prayer for mercy and secondarily as a confession of sin. In the Divine Service, an Ordinary following the Introit. In the Daily Office, the beginning of the prayers. A litany can be seen as an extended trope on the Kyrie.

Question 9

Lauds

Answer 9

From Latin: laus, “praise.” The second service of the Daily Office: morning, before sunrise. Marks the resurrection of Christ. The name derives from the Laudate Psalms (Psalms 148-150), sung as part of the psalmody. Features the Benedictus. In LSB, Matins and Morning Prayer can be seen as a conflation of Lauds with elements from Vigils (Matins).

Question 10

Iavabo

Answer 10

Latin: Iit., “I will wash.” The ceremonial washing of the celebrant’s hands during the Offertory. Also the prayer during the same from Psalm 26 (v. 6: “I wash my hands in innocence and go around Your altar, O LORD’) prayed by the celebrant.

Question 11

lectern

Answer 11

From Latin: legere, “lo read”; Late Latin: lectrum. Reading stand from which the Word of God is read. In some churches, highly ornamented, though usually less so than the pulpit.

Question 12

lectio continua

Answer 12

Latin: “continuous reading.” The practice of reading directly through
a biblical book, as opposed to a lectionary of chosen pericopes. Likely the primary way of reading the Scriptures in the Early Church. Formerly used in the Daily Office or other weekday services. Now a key component of the three-year lectionary.

Question 13

lectionary

Answer 13

From Latin: lectio, “reading” A scheme of pericopes appointed for reading, giving rise to the Church Year. Also, the book containing these lections.

Question 14

lector

Answer 14

Latin: “reader.” Liturgically, one who reads the Scriptures. Formerly a rank of the clergy, it sometimes refers to one who reads the Old Testament and Epistle, not always an ordained minister. Historically, a priest or deacon read the Holy Gospel in the Divine Service; thus, it is reserved for the pastor today.

Question 15

Lent

Answer 15

Also Quadragesima, Latin: “forty days.” From German and Old English:  lengthening of days,” as in spring (in the northern hemisphere). The penitential period of preparation before the celebration of Jesus’ resurrection. Its forty-day duration (not counting the Sundays in Lent) begins on Ash Wednesday. Originally developed as a time of intense instruction for those making final preparations for Baptism at the Easter Vigil.

Question 16

litany

Answer 16

Greek: λιτανεια, “entreaty, prayer:” Generally, a form of prayer featuring repeated responses. In the Western Church, specifically the Great Litany, a general prayer encompassing all needs, reformed by Luther to omit the invocation of saints (LSB 288-289). Prayers in the form of a litany can be found in Evening Prayer and the Service of Prayer and Preaching. Drawing upon Eastern rites, the Kyrie is sometimes cast in the form of a litany (see LSB Divine Service,
Settings One and Two, and Evening Prayer). See ektene.

Question 17

liturgy

Answer 17

Greek: λειτουγια, “public service.” Used by the ancient Greeks for duties performed for the common good, such as paying taxes, or for public religious rites. In Christian theology, a general term for the whole service. In the Lutheran Confessions, defined as “public service” in the sense that the proclamation of the Gospel and administration of the Sacraments is God’s service done on behalf of His people. In common parlance, the word is used to denote an order of service though the more specific terms “order of service or “rite” are preferred.

Question 18

Lord’s Day

Answer 18

Biblical term (Revelation 1:10) for Sunday, the New Testament day of
Christian worship with the Divine Service. Denotes the significance of Jesus’ resurrection from the dead on the first day of the week (Matthew 28:1), on which the apostles (Acts 20:7) and early Christians (1 Corinthians 16:1-2) also continued to gather.

Question 19

lucernarium

Answer 19

(loo-chur-NAHR-ee-oom). Latin: “lamp, time of lamplighting.” The ceremonial lighting of the lamps and candles in the evening. In Eastern tradition prior to the sixth century (mentioned by St. Basil, the service of thanksgiving for the light of Christ at the lighting of the lamps. Fell out of use in Western tradition except for the Service of Light at the beginning of the Easter Vigil. The Service of Light in Evening Prayer (/SB 243-24S) is a modern appropriation of the Eastern practice.

Question 20

Magnificat

Answer 20

(mahg-NIH-fih-kaht), Latin: “magnifies.” Canticle of Mary from Luke I:46-55 and its opening words, “My soul magnifies the Lord.” Appointed since the sixth century for Vespers (and also appears in LSB Evening Prayer).

Question 21

maniple

Answer 21

Latin: manipulum, “folded napkin.” Historically a napkin used for cleaning the chalice, it is now a ceremonial vestment symbolizing servanthood. A narrow strip of cloth in the liturgical color of the season or day worn on the left forearm of the celebrant and deacon at the Divine Service.

Question 22

martyrology

Answer 22

A catalog of martyrs and the anniversaries of their martyrdom. Beginning already in the fourth century, later editions included histories and legends on each saint. Often read during the daily prayers in the monasteries. Foundational for the sanctoral cycle of feasts.

Question 23

mass

Answer 23

Likely from the Latin: Ite, missa est, “go, [the congregation] is dismissed.” One of the names for the service of Word and Sacrament. The term is found in Luther and the Lutheran Confessions (German: Messe) but is less common in English-speaking Lutheranism. See Divine Service.

Question 24

Matins

Answer 24

Also “Vigils.” French: matines; Latin: matutinus, “belonging to the early morning.” The first service of the Daily Office: early morning. Formerly, the service of Vigils was kept in the middle of the night in the monasteries, featuring multiple readings interspersed with psalms and responsories. Even before the Reformation, elements of Matins (Vigils) were often assumed into Lauds as a single morning service bearing either name. In LSB, Matins and Morning Prayer reflect this tradition.

Question 25

Maundy Thursday

Answer 25

Also Holy Thursday” English term: “Maundy” via Old French,
from Latin: mandatum, “command.” Thursday of Holy Week and, by extension, the first service of the Triduum held on the evening of that night. The term “Maundy” references Jesus’ words in the Holy Gospel appointed for the day from John 13:34:  ”A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another:” In Latin: known as de coena Domini,  of the Lord’s Supper”; in German: Gründonnerstag, “green Thursday.”

Question 26

mensa

Answer 26

Latin: table.” The top surface of the altar, covered by the fair linen.