Quiz 6 (Amphibians) Flashcards
Amphibians Characteristics
- 1st vertebrae
- Tetrapods
Amphibian Life Cycle (not development)
- Hydrophilic eggs
- juveniles in water
- dual life
Amphibian Skin
- best for water and moist environments
- can dry out easily
- external toxins can permeate into skin
- many glands (many secretions)
- toxins to defend (ie. dart frogs)
Amphibian Body Temperature
- Ectothermic (cannot generate own heat)
- Poikilothermic (cannot retain heat, it matches with environment)
Ectothermic
cannot generate own heat
Poikilothermic
cannot retain heat, it matches with environment)
Amphibian Bones
- skeleton of bone
- large mouth (when compared to body size)
- small teeth in upper jaw, only used to hold prey
Most Amphibians have a __ _________ heart
3 chambered
Frogs and Toads
Order Anura
Frogs and Toads (Order Anura)
- most successful group (more species in more habitats)
- most specialized (large mouth, jumping legs)
- typically solitary, until mating season
- no tail
Frog Characteristics
- long hind legs
- wet smooth looking skin
- large webbed hind feet
- lay eggs in clusters
Toad Characteristics
- shorter hind legs
- dry bumpy skin
- less webbed hind feet
- lay eggs in straight rows
Breeding of most Order Anura (frogs and toads)
- males will sing in a - Corus
- males have an expandable vocal sac “Ribbit!
- male thumbs will enlarge to hold on to female underarms, male on top female on bottom - Amplexus
- external fertilization, female lays eggs and male fertilizes them
Corus
the singing of male amphibians during mating season
Amplexus
the mating of amphibians where the male is on top and female is on the bottom
Frog Development
- eggs (in water)
- frog larvae; aquatic, internal gills, vegetarian
- juveniles; hind limbs form, then forelimbs, then lungs, and tail is absorbed
Salamanders
Order Caudata
Salamanders (Order Caudata)
- 4 equal leg lengths
- tails with bone
- 230 species
- most are small
Salamanders (Order Caudata) Newts
- specialized salamander
- when a juvenile they have a terrestrial phase then as adults go back to aquatic life
Salamanders (Order Caudata)
- elaborate mating rituals
- male lays sperm eggs, females sits on eggs so they go into her cloaca (no copulation aka penis)
- internal fertilization
Salamander (Order Caudata) Development
- egg
- aquatic juvenile
- aquatic adult
- if it has external gills (Neoteny, retaining a juvenile trait)
Order Caudata Newt Development
- egg
- hat with legs and external lungs, carnivorous, keep tail
- terrestrial juvenile
- aquatic adult
Order Caecilians (name of the animal)
- legless
- burrow
- tiny eyes and mouth
- not found in North America
