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Chemistry > Quiz 6 > Flashcards

Quiz 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemical energy

A

Energy stored within the bonds of chemical structures

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2
Q

Thermal energy

A

Energy of the random motion of Adams and molecules

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3
Q

What percent less CO2 does natural gas produce compared to coal?

A

45%

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4
Q

Why does an increase in c atoms increase the boiling point?

A

There are bigger molecule needing more energy to “lift”

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5
Q

Thermal cracking

A

Uses heat

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6
Q

Nuclear energy

A

Energy stored within the neutrons and protons in the atom

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7
Q

Peat

A

Moist plants that decay

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8
Q

Cracking

A

Takes large hydrocarbons and breaks them into smaller ones

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9
Q

Increase octane rating

A

Increase resistance to knocking

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10
Q

Coal

A

Complex mixture of substances

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11
Q

Products of combustion

A

CO2 and H2O

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12
Q

Isomers

A

Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms

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13
Q

What type of potential energy do hydrocarbons have?

A

Chemical energy

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14
Q

More places in molecule

A

More knocking

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15
Q

Energy sources have ______ energy

A

Potential

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16
Q

Alkanes

A

Hydrocarbons with c-c single bonds

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17
Q

Mechanical energy

A

Macroscopic object moving

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18
Q

What type of kinetic energy is released from combustion?

A

Thermal energy

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19
Q

Catalytic reforming

A

A process that rearranges atoms within a molecule

20
Q

Petroleum

A

Liquid mixture of hydrocarbons

21
Q

Anthracite

A

High carbon content high heat and pressure

22
Q

What was the top fuel in the 1800s?

A

Wood

23
Q

Unit for energy

A

Joule

24
Q

Catalytic cracking

A

Uses a chemical

25
Q

Exothermic

A

ReAction that releases energy

26
Q

What is one advantage of petroleum over coal?

A

Easier than coal to mine

27
Q

Endothermic

A

Reaction requires energy to be put in

28
Q

Alkenes

A

Hydrocarbons with a c-c double bond

29
Q

What do alkenes end in?

A

-ene

30
Q

What is petroleum mostly made of?

A

Alkanes

31
Q

First law of thermodynamics

A

Energy is converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed

32
Q

Why is coal good?

A

Cheap, abundant, continuous power

33
Q

Knocking

A

Nonuniform combustion in a piston

34
Q

Radiant energy

A

Suns electromagnetic waves

35
Q

What is the fastest growing energy source in the US?

A

Natural gas

36
Q

What process do chemicals undergo to get energy out of their bonds?

A

Combustion

37
Q

Alcohols

A

Hydrocarbons with a c-oh group on the end

38
Q

Electric energy

A

Energy electrons moving together through a conductor

39
Q

What is natural gas a mixture of?

A

Methane, ethane, propane, and butane

40
Q

What do petroleum’s end in?

A

-and

41
Q

Fractional distillation

A

Separation of a mixture into fractions that differ in boiling points

42
Q

What percent less CO2 does natural gas produce compared to oil?

A

30%

43
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

Molecules made of only hydrogen and carbon

44
Q

What do alcohols end in?

A

-ol

45
Q

What is the main component of natural gas?

A

Methane

46
Q

Clean coal

A

Removal of pollutants

Chemistry (9 decks)

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