QUIZ 5: testing a single parameter (4/11)

Question 1

hypothesis

Answer 1

statement about a population parameter

Question 2

Null Hypothesis (H sub o)

Answer 2

specifies the parameter is equal (=) to a single value

Question 3

Alternative Hypothesis (H sub A)

Answer 3

specifies the parameter is <, >, or ≠ to the value
(If choose < or >, called a one-tailed test of hypotheses
If choose ≠, called a two-tailed test)

this hypothesis goes along with the researcher’s question or suspicion

Question 4

level of significance (α)

Answer 4

the probability of rejecting H sub o when it is true

Question 5

test statistic

Answer 5

the sample statistic upon which we base our decision to either reject or not reject the null hypothesis

Question 6

decision rule (or rejection region)- range of values, based on α, such that:

Answer 6

a. If the test statistic falls in that range, we reject H sub o
b. otherwise, we do not reject H sub o

Question 7

Making a decision/conclusion:

Answer 7

-If we reject H sub o, we conclude there is enough statistical evidence to infer the alternative hypothesis is true
-If we do not reject H sub o, we conclude there isn’t enough statistical evidence to suggest H sub A is true

Question 8

P-value

Answer 8

the probability of observing a sample value (or test statistic) as extreme, or more extreme, than the value observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true

Question 9

If p < α, then

Answer 9

we reject H sub o

Question 10

how to calculate p-value:

Answer 10

the area beyond the test statistic

Question 11

Type 1 error:

Answer 11

reject the H sub o when it was really true

Question 12

type 2 error:

Answer 12

Do not reject H sub o, when it is really false

Question 13

what assumption are we making under hypothesis testing?

Answer 13

the assumption that H sub o is true!