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23 spring: poultry > quiz 5: dairy > Flashcards

quiz 5: dairy Flashcards

1
Q

who has the highest number of milk cows

A

india
59.5 million head
and makes the most amount of milk

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2
Q

who has the 2nd highest amount of milk cows

A

EU with 20.2 million

but US is the 2nd highest producer

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3
Q

the number od dairy farms is —- with —

A

declining but the average size is growing

around 10 million cows for the past 20 years

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4
Q

what state has the largest herds on average

A

new mexico

with PA having the average smallest herd

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5
Q

what state makes the most dairy

A

CA>WI>ID>TX>NY

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6
Q

PA ranks — in production and — in number of farms

A

8th- made 849 million pounds

2nd- 5,162 (overall decreasing)

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7
Q

VCPR

A

Veterinary Client Patient Relationship

  1. Must engage with the client to assume responsibility for
    making clinical judgments about patient health
  2. Must have sufficient knowledge of the patient
  3. Must provide for any necessary follow-up evaluation or care
  4. Must provide oversight of treatment compliance, and
    outcome
  5. Must maintain patient records
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8
Q

what are VCPRs essential for

A

CVI (Certificate of Veterinary
Inspection, “health papers”)

Prescribing medications

VFD (Veterinary Feed Directive)

Certification program compliance
* USDA Certified Organic, FARM, Food Armor

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9
Q

what is the VFD stand for

A

Veterinary Feed Directive

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10
Q

what does the VFD do

A

Veterinary Feed Directive

certain drugs used in both animals and humans needs to be approved by vet

drugs use in or on animal feed

“VFD Final Rule”: requires veterinarians to issue
all VFDs within the context of a Veterinarian Client Patient Relationship (VCPR)

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11
Q

FDA GFI 263

A

going into effect in June, will make all antibitotics not covered by VFD require approval by vet

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12
Q

pros of free stall

A

allowed to wander and socialize

oppurtinty for exercise

choice

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13
Q

negatives for freestall

A

can slip and fall
always on hard surface
can overcrowd (120%)

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14
Q

pros of tie stall

A

no food competition
can catch DA fast (off feed)
individual system
little social upset- she stays there

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15
Q

cons of tie stall

A

should be outside once a day
can’t walk around
can’t socialize

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16
Q

pros of pasture

A

excellent foot health (softer ground)
cleaner
graze at all times
freedom to exercise and socialize
better ventilation (less pneumonia)

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17
Q

cons of pasture

A

weather
supplement feed during off season
requires a lot of space and rotating cows

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18
Q

how does parallel parlor work

A
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19
Q

how does tandem parlor work

A

less cows

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20
Q

how does herringbone parlor work

A
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21
Q

how does rotary parlor work

A
22
Q

pros and cons of robotic milking system

A

can only do one cow at a time
very expensive
cleaning udders can be difficult

23
Q

highest producer cow milk

A

holstein black and white
makes 80-90 lbs of milk per day

24
Q

jersey cow good for

A

high fat (good for cheese)

25
Q

goat milk is referred to as

A

“naturally homogenized”
* Higher percentage of small-
diameter fat globules

fat stays suspended

26
Q

goat milk is a good alternative to —

A

milk
has low lactose

27
Q

sheep milk has higher — concent

A

protein and fat

28
Q

sheep milk has very high — protein content

A

casein

hard firm cheese like feta

29
Q

sheep milk is — like goat milk

A

naturally homongenized

30
Q

buffalo milk is used for

A

mozzarella
very high fat content

do not like getting milked

31
Q

calves are born at

A

80-100 holstein

60-80 lbs for other breeds

32
Q

baby female cow is called

A

heifer

33
Q

when female cow has baby called a

A

1st calf heifer

then cow

34
Q

calf housing

A

separate right away
individual housing

then transition to group housing after 1-2 weeks

35
Q

day 1 care of calves

A

colostrum (4 quarts in the first 4 hours)

clean- dip naval in iodine
clean environment

vaccines and antibodies

36
Q

feeding calves

A

1-1.5 lbs/day

37
Q

recommend fed — of birth weight per day

A

10-12%

1-1.5 lbs increase per day

gradually increase to 10-12% of current BW/day depending on feeding program

  • Usually fed 2x/day
38
Q

what can you feed to calf

A

milk replacer
* normal whole milk
* waste milk (milk from cows treated with medications)

need access to fresh water at all time

39
Q

when to start grain in calf

A

3 days slowly increase and then decrease milk

40
Q

dehorning is also called

A

disbudding
paste or cautery

less then 2 months old

41
Q

pain management for calf

A

meloxicam
lidocaine
banamine

42
Q

weaning is done when

A

8 weeks old

can booster vaccines at this time

43
Q

heifer is a —

A

female cow

from weaning (8 weeks)- breeding age (14 months)

housed in groups

main goal to grow 1.5-2 lbs per day

44
Q

when to breed heifer

A

14 months (800 lbs)

height of cow but now full weight- calving ease

should give birth around 23-24 months at 1200 lbs

45
Q

how to breed heifer

A

AI or live cover

sex semen (give birth to females)

46
Q

lactating cows will peak in milk around –

A

60 days

will make milk for 305 days

47
Q

what is drying off

A

60 days before calving will stop milking

48
Q

what is the voluntary waiting period

A

60 days after cow gives birth, try to get her pregnant again

49
Q

cow produce milk on average for — days

A

305

50
Q

time line for calving

A
51
Q

what is dry cow

A

last 60 days before calving

housed on pasture

far off: recently dried
close up: within 2-3 weeks of calving and closely monitored

dry cow treatment- antibiotics and teat sealant

52
Q

how to dry off cow

A

last 2 months

antibiotics and teat sealant

23 spring: poultry (7 decks)

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