Quiz 5 Flashcards
what are the three paired vessels that arise from the foot and converge to form the popliteal vein?
- anterior tibial veins
- posterior tibial veins
- peroneal veins
where does thromboses occur more often?
in the peroneal and posterior tibial veins
can PE occur from calf vein thrombus?
yes but it is unusual
what is the main drainage conduit for the blood flow from the calf?
popliteal vein
what is popliteal accompanied by?
popliteal artery
______ of the time, the popliteal vein may be duplicated?
25%
where does the Gastrocnemius veins dump into?
single trunk dumps into the popliteal vein just below the SSV juncture
how is each “gastroc” trunk formed?
formed by paired veins, accompanied by a gastrocnemius artery within the Gastrocnemius muscle
what do the Gastrocnemius veins do?
serve to drain the muscle, they eventually disappear in the distal muscle
what can the Gastrocnemius veins be mistaken for?
the PTVV’s
where are the soleal sinus veins?
embedded deep within the soleal muscle
where is the major storage of blood?
soleal sinus veins
where do the soleal sinus veins empty?
into the posterior tibials or peroneals
how do clots form in the soleal sinus veins?
due to stagnation when muscle is inactive
where do most DVT extending into the pop V originate?
soleal sinus veins
what is the most superior branch of the trifurcation?
anterior tibial trunk
what can be found below the level of the anterior tibial trunk?
tibioperoneal trunk
what does the Tibioperoneal trunk bifurcate into?
common tibial
common peroneal
where do the anterior tibials bifurcacte from?
pop vein high in the pop fossa as a single trunk
is the anterior trunk easily seen on ultrasoud?
no
where would we visualize the remainder of the anterior tibial?
anterolateral projection
do the anterior tibials communicate with the soleal sinuses?
no
do the anterior tibials develop DVT’s?
not often
where are the posterior tibial veins?
course near the tibia
how are the posterior tibial veins visualized?
medial aspect of the calf
where does the posterior tibial veins pass?
between the medial malleolus and the achilles tendon
where do the peroneal veins course near?
the fibula
how are the paired posterior tibials and peroneals viewed/
side by side in the calf from a medial projection
what veins typically appear larger?
peroneal are typically larger than the posterior tibials
where do the peroneal veins pass?
deep and posterior to the medial malleolus
what is the role of US for veins in the calf?
- exclude DVT as a cause for pain and swelling in the lower limb
- screening tool in post operative lower limb surgery
- looking for source of PE
what poses a higher risk of embolism?
thrombosis above the trifircation
-R/O popliteal involvment
what happens to calf DVT’s?
most resolve spontaneously
is D-Dimer useful for calf DVT?
no, 65% sensitivityq
what can we exclude if Pop V and FV are patent?
no PE
what must be done for screening with calf veins?
repeat exam every 2-3 days