Quiz #5

Question 1

Superior Attach ribs 1-11

Inferior Attach ribs 2-12

Answer 1

External Intercostals

Question 2

Superior attach ribs 1-11
Inferior attach ribs 2-12

Hint: fibre direction 90 degrees to external intercostals

Answer 2

Internal intercostals

Question 3

Separated from the internal intercostals by neurovascular bundle

Answer 3

Innermost Intercostals

Question 4

External intercostal actions

Answer 4

Quiet and forced inspiration (through elevation of the ribs)

Question 5

Internal and inner most inercostals action

Answer 5

Forced expiration

Question 6

12 pairs
SA: TVPs of C7-T11
IA: ribs (immediately inferior)
Action elevate ribs

Answer 6

Levator costarum

Question 7

Medial attachment: 1 rib and its costal cartilage

Lateral attachment: middle 1/3rd of the inferior surface of the clavicle

Action: anchors, depresses and draws the clavicle medically

Answer 7

Subclavius

Question 8

Where does the dome of the diaphragm sit during breathing?

Answer 8

4th intercostals space (expiration)

6th intercostal space (inspiration)

Question 9

Muscular attachments of the diaphragm inferiorly insert

Answer 9

• Internal surfaces of lower 6 ribs
• upper lumbar vertebrae via 2 muscular crura
• medial arcuate ligaments (upper lumbar vertebral bodies to TVPs - travel over psoas)
• lateral arcuate ligaments (L1 TVP to 12 rib over QL)

Question 10

The muscular fibres converge radially into a strong aponeurotic tendon called the

Answer 10

Central Tendon

Question 11

Has a C-Shaped appearance with a central, left and right ‘leaflet’

Answer 11

The Central Tendon

Question 12

Action of central tendon

Answer 12

With contraction, the diaphragm moves inferiorly so that it is flattened

Question 13

Contraction of the diaphragm causes inferior movement of the central tendon. As it flattens, it increases the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity. (Increased thoracic volume)

Answer 13

Inspiration

Question 14

The ribs are raised and move laterally which increases the transverse dimensions of the thorax (increased volume) this is called

Answer 14

The bucket-handle movement.

Question 15

As the ribs are raised, the anterior parts of the ribs and the sternum move anteriorly which increases the anteroposterior dimensions of the thorax (increased volume). This is called

Answer 15

The pump handle movement

Question 16

The increase in vertical, transverse, and AP dimension create a negative pressure in the lungs which results in

Answer 16

Air being drawn in (inspiration)

Question 17

The thoracic volume increases which decreases thoracic pressure AND abdominal volume decreases which increases abdominal pressure

Answer 17

Inspiration

Question 18

Diaphragm relaxes and moves superiorly.
This with the elastic recoil of the lungs decreases the thoracic volume and increases the thoracic pressure and air flows out

Answer 18

Expiration

Question 19

The diaphragm remains relatively relaxed.
Accessory muscles of respiration lift the chest up and out.
This is an inefficient means of respiration

Answer 19

Apical Breathing

Question 20

The region below the pelvic cavity.
Floor: skin
Roof: Pelvic diaphragm

Answer 20

The Perineum

Question 21

Lavator Ani (2)
Coccygeus (2)

Answer 21

Pelvic Diaphragm

Question 22

Anterior attach. Back of pubis, spine of ischium

Posterior attach. Anococcygeal ligament, lower sacrum & coccyx

Answer 22

Levator Ani

Question 23

Lateral attachment: pelvic surface of the ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament

Medial: lateral margin of coccyx and S5

Answer 23

Coccygeus

Question 24

Supports the pelvic viscera, helps maintain control of bodily functions

Answer 24

Actions of the pelvic diaphragm

Question 25

Arranged in 3 layers in the spaces between adjacent ribs and has 11 pairs

From superficial to deep

1) external
2) internal
3) innermost

Answer 25

The intercostals