quiz 5

Question 1

what are the 2 parts of skilled reading

Answer 1

listening comprehension and word reading

Question 2

what are the factors of listening comprehension

Answer 2

• background knowledge (facts, concepts, etc)
• vocabulary (breadth, precision, links, etc)
• language structures (syntax, semantics, etc)
• verbal reasoning (inference, metaphor, etc)
• literacy knowledge (print concepts, genres, etc)

(big volcanoes live very long)

it becomes increasingly strategic

Question 3

what are the factors of word reading

Answer 3

• phonological awareness (syllables, phonemes, etc)
• decoding (alphabetic principle, spelling sound correspondences)

increasingly automatic

Question 4

advantages of bilingualism

Answer 4

bilingual children are often better at…
- learning new words
- learning reading skills
- being able to use information in new ways
- putting words into categories (like ‘food’ or ‘toys’)
- coming up with solutions to problems
- listening to others
- connecting with others

living, learning, brought pudding cups last christmas

Question 5

categories of language differentiation in bilingual language learners

Answer 5

• phonological
• lexical
• morphosyntactic

Question 6

phonological differentiation

in bilinguals

Answer 6

• bilingual infants can discriminate between their input languages, though they have no preference for one over the other
• over the first 12 months, monolingual children tune their phonemic perception to their native language
• similarly, bilingual children maintain discrimination for both languages

Question 7

lexical differentiation

in bilinguals

Answer 7

• evidence suggests that bilingual children create 2 different lexicons at the same time
• between 30-50% of bilingual children’s lexicon consist of translation equivalents (ie they know the same word in both languages)

Question 8

morphosyntactic differentiation

in bilinguals

Answer 8

• evidence suggests that bilingual children create seperate morpho-syntactic systems
• bilingual children, like bilingual adults, mix words and morphemes from both languages in the same sentence
  - however, this mixing is systematic and respects the seperate rules of the 2 languages
  - mixing is also sensitive to social situation: children tailor their language use to the person they are talking to

Question 9

background knowledge

Answer 9

facts, concepts, etc

Question 10

vocabulary

Answer 10

breadth, precision, links, etc

Question 12

language structures

Answer 12

syntax, semantics, etc

Question 13

verbal reasoning

Answer 13

inference, metaphor, etc

Question 14

literacy knowledge

Answer 14

print concepts, genres, etc

Question 15

what happens to listening comprehension

Answer 15

it becomes increasingly strategic

Question 16

what happens to word reading

Answer 16

it becomes increasingly automatic

Question 17

definition of skilled reading

Answer 17

fluent execution and coordination of word recognition and text comprehension

made up of listening comprehension and wording reading

Question 18

advantages of bilingualism mnemonic

Answer 18

living, learning, brought pudding cups last christmas

• learning new words
• learning reading skills
• being able to use information in new ways
• putting words into categories, like ‘food’ or ‘toys’
• coming up with solutions to problems
• listening to others
• connecting with others

Question 19

acquisition of metalinguistic competence

Answer 19

One important reason children’s metalinguistic abilities undergo dramatic growth in the school-age years is that many of the activities children engage in during these years draw on language analysis. For example, children in first-grade classrooms may have to identify the number of phonemes in a word, and children in seventh-grade classrooms may have to determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word by using their knowledge of the word’s root. Some specific types of metalinguistic competence children achieve in the school-age years are phonological awareness and figurative language.

Question 20

morphological development

Answer 20

• Major morphological developments in the school-age years include use of derivational prefixes and derivational suffixes. When we add a derivational prefix to the beginning of a word, it changes the word’s meaning.
• When we add a derivational suffix to the end of a word, it can change the word’s form class, meaning, or both.

Question 21

listening comprehension components mnemonic

Answer 21

big volcanoes live very long