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Plant ID Year 2 > quiz #4 short answer > Flashcards

quiz #4 short answer Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of soil to ferns prefer?

A

rich, well drained

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2
Q

what are the leaves called on a fern

A

frond

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3
Q

what are the leaflets called on a fern

A

pinnae

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4
Q

what is the stem/stalk called on a fern

A

stipe

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5
Q

where are spores located and contained on a fern

A

underside of the fronds and contained in structures called sori

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6
Q

what are the 3 categories of ferns

A

1) deciduous (ladys fern)
2) semi-evergreen
3) Evergreen

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7
Q

what is a crozier on a fern

A

fiddlehead- unfurled frond

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8
Q

define evergreen fern

A

keep their leaves all winter

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9
Q

deciduous define fern

A

after -4 they lose their leaves (fall)

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10
Q

fern evergreen examples

A

Hart’s- tongue Fern
Deer Fern
Christmas Fern

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11
Q

groundcover examples fern

A

Hart’s- tongue Fern

Ruffled Oak Fern

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12
Q

deciduous examples fern

A

Lady Fern
Japanese Painted Fern
Ruffled Oak Fern
Ostrich Fern

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13
Q

delicate fern example

A

Lady Fern

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14
Q

good fern for hot summers

A

Japanese painted fern

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15
Q

what is interesting about deer fern

A

Deer Fern- fertile fronds that are tall and narrow in the middle of the plant

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16
Q

semi-evergreen example fern

A

Autumn Fern

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17
Q

what is unique about autumn fern

A

-it doesn’t turn colour in the fall, the new fronds are copper (spring/summer), then later in the season they turn green until after frost

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18
Q

part sun-sun tolerant fern

A 
Autumn Fern (6 hours)
Sensitive Fern (Full sun because of its many coating)
Purple-stemmed Royal Fern(full sun-full shade)
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19
Q

invasive ferns

A

Ostrich Fern

Sensitive Fern

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20
Q

whats interesting about Ostrich Fern

A

Fertile fronds go up from the middle and can be used for winter interest

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21
Q

wet conditions fern

A

Ostrich fern
Sensitive Fern
Purple-stemmed Royal Fern

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22
Q

toxic fern

A

Sensitive Fern

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23
Q

tallest fern

A

Purple-stemmed Royal Fern

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24
Q

what are ferns and how old are they

A

ancient family plants: early fern fossils predate the beginning of the Mesozoic era, 360 million years ago

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25
Q

when were ferns popular

A

Victorian times and have made a comeback in recent years

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26
Q

define roll out

A

means every spring your garden has a new, fresh fern because ferns shed their leaves in the fall or winter and grow new leaves in the spring.

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27
Q

what conditions to roses need to be happiest

A

at least 6 hours of sun per day
avoid getting water on the leaves (fungus growth)
organic soil
acidic soil
water deeply once a week
clean cuts to remove old flowers and bas growth(quarter of an inch above on an outward facing bud)
they need good air circulation so pruning is important
always leave 3 stalks/canes
inspect all of the time and treat when needed

28
Q

types of roses

A

bush- grounded according to their flowering habit.

climbers- long canes and require some sort of support, trained off fences, or trellises.

29
Q

climbers and bush difference

A

6+ feet or more and need support

6+ feet of more, no support

30
Q

Floribundas

A

Make-cross between hybrid tea and polyantha.
Flower- Smaller flowers with dense clusters
Growing Conditions- can tolerate the most neglect
Type: Bush

31
Q

grandiflora

A

Make- resemble hybrid teas
Growing Condition- hardy
Bloom- large bush, smaller blooms than hybrid teas and more abundant blooming
Type: Bush

32
Q

polyanthas

A

Flower-large clusters, smaller flowers than grandiflora. Easy to grow.
Type: Bush

33
Q

hybrid perpetuals

A

Blooms- full, large, a lot more petals but lack the refinement of hybrid teas. Blooms frequently than older shrub rose varieties
Growing Cond- can withstand low winter temps. without protection
Type: Bush

34
Q

shrub rose

A 
-large, dense growth.
Flower- small but showy flowers
-bear attractive seed pods
-hardiest, good for general landscaping 
ex- knockout
Type: Bush
35
Q

old fashioned-

A 
flowers not perfectly shaped
hardy
little care needed
Fragrant
Type: Bush
36
Q

tree or standard rose

A

-highest maintenane
-have to dig it up and bring it in
-derived from grafting bush roses on upright trunks
Type: Bush

37
Q

Miniature Roses

A

-6inches tall
-minimal leaves and flowers
Type: Bush

38
Q

rambler rose

A

-rapid growing
-hardy
-flower once during season
Type: Climbing

39
Q

large- flowered climbers

A

large flower clusters
grow slowly
heavy pruning in spring required

40
Q

Everblooming Climbers

A
  • bloom heavily early summer

- scattered flowers after that, although some types have more of a longer bloom

41
Q

best to use in garden rose

A

floribundas, hybrid perpetuals polyanthus an grandifloras

42
Q

cane on rose

A

stalks (keep 3-5)

get rid of week canes

43
Q

bud eye- rose

A

breaks (not thorns)

where new growth happens

44
Q

crown-rose

A

where the canes meet

45
Q

shank-rose

A

below the crown

46
Q

sucker-rose

A

out of roots by the shank

47
Q

anchor roots-rose

A

root system

48
Q

when planting roses you should do the following

A

needs good drainage
plant 2 feet apart
access to sun
prevent spread of disease

49
Q

when to prune roses

A

prune in the spring

50
Q

best for disease roses

A

flower carpet

51
Q

worst insect problem for roses

A

aphids

caterpillars

52
Q

what do aphids do to roses

A

new growth and flower buds

appear in heavy numbers

53
Q

worst diseases for roses and what are they and how to get rid of them

A

black spots- from wet conditions (Water being on the leaf for 6 hours or longer)
powdery mildew - cool and damp conditions- use a fungicide (bordo or baking soda)
-rotate treatments, otherwise it gets immune to it

54
Q

how many explorer series are there- rose

A

25

55
Q

climbing hybrid teas

A
  • developed from seedlings and by chance grew randomly from a bush variety
  • dont bloom as much as their bush parents
56
Q

Climbing Polyanthus and Floribundas

A

-developed from sports and seedlings of polyanthus and floribundas

57
Q

what acidity to roses prefer

A

5.5-6.6 PH

58
Q

name examples of bush roses

A

Floribunas, grandiflora, polyanthus, hybrid perpetuals, shrub rose, old fashioned, tree/standard, mini rose

59
Q

examples of climber roses

A

Rambler, large-flowered climbers, everblooming climbers, climbing hybrid teas, climbing polyanthus and floribundas

60
Q

which canes should be removed first when pruning

A

canes killed by cold, insects or disease

61
Q

how much do you cut the canes back- roses

A

12-15 inches above ground or to a bud 1 inch below and damaged part of the cane

62
Q

how does cold damage look on a rose

A

browning of the stem and brown pith

63
Q

how to prune roses

A

1/4 an inch above a bud and 45 degree angle

64
Q

how many sturdy canes should be left on a rose

A

3-4

65
Q

Why are Shrub Roses in the Explorer series used

A

used for their ability to propagate on their own roots

66
Q

semi-deciduous define rose

A

lasts longer than -4 but not over winter

67
Q

hybrid tea

A
  • originally crossed between tea rose and hybrid perpetual
  • used most for cut flowers
  • thousands of varieties
  • primary rose in floral shops and in gardens

Plant ID Year 2 (13 decks)

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