Quiz 4 (Chapter 8 & 10) Flashcards
All neural tissue outside of the brain and spinal cord make up the ______________ nervous system.
Peripheral
Information is carried to the CNS by the ______________ division, and motor commands are carried to muscles and glands via the ____________ division.
Afferent, Efferent
____________ increase(s) the speed at which action potential travels along the axon of an oligodendricyte.
Myelin
Which of the following is an example of a demyelination disorder?
Heavy metal poisoning, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Multiple sclerosis
What is a shift of membrane potential toward 0 mv called? An example is the entry of sodium into the cell.
Depolarization
___________ is when a cell membrane cannot respond normally to further stimulation.
The refractory period
Synapses that release norepinephrine are called:
Adrenergic
The three specialized membranes surrounding thr brain and spinal cord are the:
Meninges
Which regoin of the brain controls conscious thoughts, sensations, memory storage and complex movements?
Cerebrum
The hypothalamus is connected to what gland, which is the primary link between the nervous and endocrine systems?
Pituitary
Which regoin of the brain is responsible for control of autononmic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestive activities?
Medulla Oblongota
Which of the following is caused by an imbalance in the amount of CSF fluid produced and the rate at which it is absorbed?
Hydrocephalus
The ______________ division of the autononmic nervous system stimulates tissue metabolism, increases alertness and prepares the body to deal with emergencies?
Sympathetic
The stimulation of Beta 1 receptors causes which of the following?
Cardiac contractility, conduction and heart rate increase
The parasympathetic nervous system has nicotinic and _______________ receptors.
Muscarinic
What are the chemical messengers of the endocrine system called?
Hormones
The _____________ provides the highest level of endocrine control by acting as an important link between the nervous system and endocrine system.
Hypothalamus
The hormones released by the ____________ control other endocrine glands.
Anterior pituitary gland
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are produced by which gland?
Hypothalamus
What is the primary function of the antidiuretic hormone?
To decrease the amount of water lost in urine
The hormone that stimulates smooth muscle contractions during labor and delivery is:
Oxytocin
What disease occurs when the kidneys cannot respond to ADH of there is an inadequate release of ADH into the body?
Diabetes insipidus
Which corticosteroid affects the electrolyte composition of body fluids?
Aldosterone
Which of the following affects glucose metabolism?
Cortisol
Epinephrine is produced by which gland?
Adrenal medulla
The endocrine cells of which organ produce glucagon and insulin?
Pancreas
The alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans produce which hormone?
Glucagon
Which hormone is released by the kidneys to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow?
Erythropoietin
In a(n) __________ effect, one hormone must be present for another to work.
Permissive
A(n) ______________ effect can result in two hormones having a net effect greater than the sum of their indivual effects.
Synergistic
