Quiz 4 Flashcards
Patients with single upper tract lesion are at risk of developing bladder carcinoma, the converse is also true?
False
- those with bladder cancer are NOT at increased risk of upper tract lesion
ureteral and renal pelvic cancers have been linked to the following etiologies:
smoking
contrast/industrial dyes
NSAID use
BALKAN NEPHROPATHY - along Danube river
Most ureteral (97%) and renal pelvic cancers are . what type?
TCC
Patient presents with
gross hematuria
MB flank pain due to ureteral obs and irritative voiding symptoms
You assess them and see an increase in LFTs
- what are you looking at?
Ureteral and Renal Pelvic cancer
- cytology will be positive
What is the most common congenital anomaly of the ureter?
Obstruction of the Ureteropelvic Junction
leads to
- hydronephrosis
- stones
- hematuria
- UTI
- HTN
this is due to one or both ureters becoming compressed by chronic inflammation in the retroperitoneal tissues - caused by malignant disease, commonly BREAST cancer, Hodgkin’s dz and colon CA. It presents with non-specific symptomology - things like back pn, malaise, anorexia, wt loss and if severe, uremia - what is this?
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
- acquired anomaly of the ureter
this is common in post-menopausal women, it’s often misdiagnosed as a caruncle - what is this? and why does it occur?
senile urethritis
- Low E can cause retrogressive (senile) changes in the vaginal mucosa
- eversion of mucosa around urethral orifice
this is rare, but will present with slight bleeding on the underwear, generally post-menopausal. When examined - you’ll see benign, red raspberry like, friable vascular tumor that involves the posterior lip of the ext. meatus - what condition is this?
urethral caruncle
- dysuria
- dyspareunia
- bloody spotting
BX
this is relatively common in men - they present with decreased urinary stream, spraying, double stream, post-void dribbling - caused by external trauma and or catheterization - what is it?
male urethral stricture
ACQUIRED
it’s a fibrotic narrowing of the urethral that is composed of dense collagen and fibroblasts - restricts urine flow and causes dilation of the proximal urethra and prostatic ducts
if a patient presents with
- flank pain, lower abd or testes/labial pn
with potential concomintant sx of
N/V, abd mass, urgency, frequency and polyuria - what would you suspect?
hydronephrosis
- may have HTN from increased renin
Order US
What is newer terminology for Peyronie’s Dz?
CITA
Chronic Inflammation of the Tunica Albuginea
up to 10% of men with ED have what?
Peyronie’s disease
- plaque on dorsal surface of penis
r/o other causes of:
- smoking
- hyperlipidemia
- HTN
- DM
patient comes in complaining of penile pain with erection - what is at the top of your differential?
Peyronie’s disease
- wound healing disorder leads to scarring of tunica albiginea
this is a condition where the foreskin cannot be retracted back from the glans penis -
phimosis
- do not force retraction
this is a condition where the foreskin is stuck in the retracted position which could lead to reduced blood flow to the glands and maybe necrosis
paraphimosis
