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Med Sur 4 > Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Intracranial pressure

A

The amount of pressure within the skull
Normal 1-10
ICP >15-20 sustained is a problem

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2
Q

Cerebral perfusion

A

Pressure required to perfuse the brain
MAP-ICP
CPP must be at least 60

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3
Q

ICP priority assessments

A 
Change in LOC
Headache
N and V
Agitation
Change in behavior
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4
Q

High ICP treatment

A 
O2
elevate HOB
Low stimulus( turn off lights)
Brain the brain
Intubated(pain and sedation)
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5
Q

Meds for increased ICP

A

Mannitol

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6
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretic
Draws fluids out of brain cells
IV administration
Serum osmolality must be

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7
Q

How do we know mannitol is effective

A

Increased LOC
Decreased ICP
increased urine output

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8
Q

Sedation

A

Pain, low stim
Propofol
Pentobarbital

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9
Q

Analgesia

A

Fentanyl

Pain, decreased O2 demand

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10
Q

Antipyretic

A

Pain, fever, infection

Acetaminophen

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11
Q

Antihypertensive

A

CPP at optimal range

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12
Q

Vasoconstrictor

A

Prevent increase in ICP

Norepinephrine

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13
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

Prevent seizure

Phenytoin

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14
Q

Sympathetic storming

A

Release of fight or flight hormones by adrenal glands

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15
Q

Symptoms of sympathetic storming

A 
GCS of 3-8
Agitation
Posturing
HTN
Increased ICP
Sweating
Tachy
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16
Q

Interventions for sympathetic storming

A

Adsf

17
Q

What happens if no interventions for storming

A

Asked

18
Q

Brain herniation

A

ICP out of control leads to brain death
Swollen brain tissue is trapped
Finds opening in C1

19
Q

SIADH

A

Hypervolemic(dilute)
Hyponatremic
Low urine output-highly concentrated

20
Q

Treatment for SIADH

A 
Fluid restriction
3% saline(drive up sodium)
Diuretic
Neuroassement
Electrolytes
21
Q

Diabetes insipid us

A

Deficient ADH
Large amounts of diluted urine
Hypernatremia

22
Q

Treatment of diabetes insipidus

A

Fluid that comes out goes back in
ADH(short term)
Demopressin
I/O

23
Q

Monro-kellie theory

A

3 components of brain must remain relatively constant

24
Q

Increased ICP

A

Increased tissue, blood, CSF

Decreased CPP

25
Q

Causes of increased ICP

A 
Hematoma
Contusion
Tumor
Edema
Head injury
26
Q

Symptoms on increased ICP

A 
Change in LOC
Change in vitals
Dilation of pupil
Decrease motor function
Headache
Vomitting
27
Q

Complications of increased ICP

A

Herniation

Decreased perfusion

28
Q

Cushings triad

A

Hypertension
Bradycardia
Irregular respirations
Medical emergency

29
Q

Diagnosis of increased ICP

A 
CT
MRI
EEG
ICP measurement
GCS
30
Q

Ventriculostomy

A

Catheter inserted in brain ventricle hooked to a monitor

Must be level

31
Q

Types of TBI that cause increased ICP

A 
Concussion
DAI
Hematoma
Subdural hematoma
Any head injury
32
Q

Craniotomy

A

Burr hole and saw

Med Sur 4 (2 decks)

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