Quiz 1 Flashcards
PaO2
80-100
PaCO2
Alkalineacidic
HCO3
Acidicalkaline
SaO2
> 95%
Gas exchange
O2 in and CO2 out
Happens in the alveoli
Gases diffuse across the membrane
Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
Breathing in and diffusion not equal
Results in hypoxemia
Causes of respiratory failure
Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
Impaired gas diffusion
Hypo ventilation
Impaired gas diffusion
How CO2 and O2 move across membrane into blood
Causes hypoxemia and hypercapnia
Hypoventilation
Not enough breathing
Hypoxemia and hypercapnia
Hypoxemia
Low levels of O2 in the blood
Hypercapnia
Increased CO2
If too much CO2 brain stops telling you to breathe
Manifestations of hypoxemia
Hypertension 1st, then hypotension tachypnea Poor tissue perfusion Cyanosis Anxious Dyspnea Change in LOC Diaphoresis
Manifestations of hypercapnia
Dyspnea pH > 7.45 Diminished lung sounds Dizzy, drowsy Tachy Change in LOC
Diagnostic assessment of gas exchange
VS O2 use CXR VQ scan CBC ABGs Sputum
Lactic acidosis
Too much lactic acid Higher the level the longer the problem Anaerobic Cells don't have enough O2 Causes tissue death
Modified aliens test
Put pressure on bilateral sides
See if you can draw blood and they will still have flow
Why intubate a pt
Inability to oxygenated
Inability to ventilate
Mental status
Ventilation allows
Increased lung volume
Fluid redistribution in alveoli
Decreased O2 demand
Positive pressure airway
Nurses responsibility during intubation
Document
Monitor
Supplies
Advocate
Rapid sequence for intubation
Analgesic
Sedative
Paralytic
Sedatives
Benzo
Propofol
Dexmedetomidine
Etomidate
Analgesic
Fentanyl
Hydromorphone