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CNA > Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Flashcards

Block 4!

1
Q

Admission

A

Official entry of a person into a nursing center

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2
Q

Discharge

A

Official departure of a person from a nursing center

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3
Q

Transfer

A

Moving the person to another health care setting; moving the person to a new room within the center

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4
Q

Abrasion

A

A partial-thickness wound caused by the scraping away or rubbing of the skin.

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5
Q

Arterial ulcer

A

An open wound on the lower legs or feet caused by poor arterial blood flow.

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6
Q

Chronic wound

A

A wound that does not heal easily.

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7
Q

Circulatory ulcer

A

An open sore on the lower legs or feet caused by decreased blood flow through the arteries or veins; vascular ulcer.

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8
Q

Clean-contaminated wound

A

Occurs from the surgical entry of the reproductive, urinary, respiratory, or gastrointestinal system.

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9
Q

Clean wound

A

A wound that is not infected.

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10
Q

Closed wound

A

Tissues are injured but the skin is not broken.

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11
Q

Compress

A

A soft pad applied over a body area.

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12
Q

Constrict

A

To narrow

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13
Q

Contaminated wound

A

A wound with a high risk of infection.

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14
Q

Contusion

A

A closed wound caused by a blow to the body; a bruise

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15
Q

Dehiscence

A

The separation of wound layers

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16
Q

Diabetic foot ulcer

A

An open wound on the foot caused by complications from diabetes.

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17
Q

Dilate

A

To expand or open wider

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18
Q

Dirty wound/Infected wound

A

A wound containing large amounts of microbes that shows signs of infection.

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19
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by fluid collection in tissues.

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20
Q

Embolus

A

A blood clot that travels throughout the vascular system until it lodges in a vessel.

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21
Q

Evisceration

A

The separation of the wind along with the protrusion of abdominal organs.

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22
Q

Full-thickness wound

A

The dermis, epidermis, and subcutaneous tissue are penetrated; muscle and bone may be involved.

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23
Q

Gangrene

A

A condition in which there is death of tissue.

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24
Q

Hyperthermia

A

A body temperature that is much higher than the person’s normal range.

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25
Q

Hypothermia

A

A very low body temperature.

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26
Q

Incision

A

A cut produced surgically by a sharp instrument; creates opening into organ or body space.

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27
Q

Intentional wound

A

A wound created for therapy.

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28
Q

Laceration

A

An open wound with torn tissues and jagged edges.

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29
Q

Open wound

A

The skin or mucous membrane is broken.

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30
Q

Pack

A

Wrapping a body part with a wet or dry application.

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31
Q

Partial-thickness wound

A

The dermis and epidermis of the skin are broken.

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32
Q

Penetrating wound

A

An open wound that breaks the skin and enters a body area, organ, or cavity.

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33
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein.

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34
Q

Puncture wound

A

An open wound made by a sharp object.

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35
Q

Purulent drainage

A

Thick green, yellow, or brown drainage.

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36
Q

Sanguineous drainage

A

Bloody drainage

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37
Q

Serosanguineous drainage

A

Thin, watery drainage that is blood-tinged.

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38
Q

Serous drainage

A

Clear, watery fluid

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39
Q

Skin tear

A

A break or rip in the outer layers of the skin.

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40
Q

Stasis ulcer/Venous ulcer

A

An open sore on the lower legs or feet caused by poor venous blood flow.

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41
Q

Thrombus

A

A blood clot

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42
Q

Trauma

A

An accident or violent act that injures the skin, mucous membranes, bones, and organs.

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43
Q

Ulcer

A

A shallow or deep crater-like sore of the skin or mucous membrane.

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44
Q

Unintentional wound

A

A wound resulting from trauma.

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45
Q

Wound

A

A break in the skin or mucous membrane.

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46
Q

Avoidable pressure ulcer

A

A pressure ulcer that develops from the improper use of the nursing process.

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47
Q

Bedfast

A

Confined to bed

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48
Q

Bony prominence

A

An area where the bone sticks out or projects from the flat surface of the body

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49
Q

Chairfast

A

Confined to a chair

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50
Q

Colonized

A

The presence of bacteria on the wound surface or in wound tissue; the person does not have signs and symptoms of an infection.

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51
Q

Eschar

A

Thick, leathery dead tissue that may be loose or adhered to the skin, it is often black or brown.

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52
Q

Friction

A

The rubbing of one surface against another

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53
Q

Pressure ulcer

A

A localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence.

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54
Q

Shear

A

When layers of the skin rub against each other.

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55
Q

Slough

A

Dead tissue that is shed from the skin. Usually light colored, soft, and moist; may be stringy at times.

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56
Q

Unavoidable pressure ulcer

A

A pressure ulcer that occurs despite efforts to prevent one through proper use of the nursing process.

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57
Q

Aphasia

A

The total or partial loss of the ability to use or understand language.

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58
Q

Blindness

A

The absence of sight.

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59
Q

Braille

A

A touch reading and writing system that uses raised dots for each letter of the alphabet.

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60
Q

Broca’s aphasia/Expressive aphasia

A

Difficulty expressing or sending out thoughts; motor aphasia

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61
Q

Expressive-receptive aphasia

A

Difficulty expressing or sending out thoughts and difficulty understanding language;global aphasia

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62
Q

Hearing loss

A

Not being able to hear the normal range of sounds associated with normal hearing.

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63
Q

Low vision

A

Eyesight that cannot be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, drugs, or surgery.

64
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

Difficulty understanding language; Wernicke’s aphasia

65
Q

Tinnitus

A

A ringing, roaring, hissing, or buzzing sound in the ears or head.

66
Q

Vertigo

A

Dizziness

67
Q

Benign tumor

A

A tumor that does not spread to other body parts; it can grow to a large size. Rarely threatens life.

68
Q

Cancer = Malignant tumor

A

A tumor that invades and destroys nearby tissue and can spread to other body parts

69
Q

Metastasis

A

The spread of cancer to other body parts

70
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth

71
Q

Tumor

A

A new growth of abnormal cells; tumors are benign or malignant.

72
Q

Amputation

A

The removal of all or part of an extremity.

73
Q

Arthritis

A

Joint inflammation

74
Q

Arthroplasty

A

The surgical replacement of a joint.

75
Q

Closed fracture = simple fracture

A

The bone is broken but the skin is intact

76
Q

Compound fracture = Open fracture

A

The boken bone has come through the skin

77
Q

Fracture

A

A broken bone

78
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on one side of the body

79
Q

Paralysis

A

Loss of motor function, loss of sensation, or both.

80
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis in the legs and trunk

81
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis in the arms, legs, and trunk; tetraplegia

82
Q

Hypertension

A

Blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg

83
Q

Pre-hypertension

A

When the blood pressure is between 120/80 to 139/89 mmHg.

84
Q

Emesis = Vomitus

A

Food and fluids expelled from the stomach through the mouth.

85
Q

Heartburn

A

A burning sensation in the chest and sometimes the throat.

86
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

High sugar in the blood.

87
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Low sugar in the blood.

88
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowish color of the skin or whites of the eyes.

89
Q

Dialysis

A

The process of removing waste products from the blood.

90
Q

Diuresis

A

The process of passing urine; large amounts of urine are produced - 1000 to 5000 mL a day.

91
Q

Dysuria

A

Difficult or painful urination

92
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine

93
Q

Oliguria

A

Scant urine (low amount)

94
Q

Pyuria

A

Puss in the urine

95
Q

Urinary diversion

A

A new pathway for urine to exit the body

96
Q

Urostomy

A

A surgically created opening between a ureter and the abdomen.

97
Q

Affect

A

Feelings and emotions

98
Q

Anxiety

A

A vague, uneasy feeling in response to stress

99
Q

Compulsion

A

Repeating an act over and over again

100
Q

Defense mechanism

A

An unconscious reaction that clocks unpleasant or threatening feelings

101
Q

Delusion

A

A false belief

102
Q

Delusion of grandeur

A

An exaggerated belief about one’s importance, wealth, power, or talents.

103
Q

Delusion of persecution

A

A false belief that one is being mistreated, abused, or harassed.

104
Q

Emotional illness = mental disorder = psychiatric disorder

A

A disturbance in the ability to cope with or adjust to stress; behavior and function are impaired.

105
Q

Flashback

A

Reliving the trauma in thought during the day and in nightmares during sleep

106
Q

Hallucination

A

Seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling something that is not real.

107
Q

Mental

A

Relating to the mind; something that exists in the mind or is done by the mind.

108
Q

Mental health

A

The person copes with and adjusts to everyday stresses in ways accepted by society.

109
Q

Obsession

A

A recurrent, unwanted thought, idea, or image.

110
Q

Panic

A

An intense and sudden feeling of fear, anxiety, terror, or dread.

111
Q

Paranoia

A

A disorder of the mind; false beliefs and suspicion about a person or situation.

112
Q

Phobia

A

An intense fear

113
Q

Psychosis

A

A state of severe mental impairment

114
Q

Stress

A

The response or change in the body caused by any emotional, physical, social, or economic factor.

115
Q

Stressor

A

The event or factor that causes stress.

116
Q

Suicide

A

To kill oneself.

117
Q

Suicide contagion

A

Exposure to suicide or suicidal behaviors within one’s family, group, or media

118
Q

Withdrawal syndrome

A

The person’s physical and mental response after stopping or severely deducting the use of a substance that was used regularly.

119
Q

Cognitive function

A

Involves memory, thinking, reasoning, ability to understand, judgment, and behavior.

120
Q

Delirium

A

A state of sudden, severe confusion and rapid brain changes.

121
Q

Delusion

A

A false belief.

122
Q

Dementia

A

The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities.

123
Q

Elopement

A

When a person leaves the center without staff knowledge.

124
Q

Pseudo dementia

A

False dementia

125
Q

Sundowning

A

Signs, symptoms, and behaviors of AD increase during hours of darkness.

126
Q

Birth defect

A

An abnormality present at birth that can involve a body structure or function.

127
Q

Developmental disability (DD)

A

A disability occurring before 22 years of age.

128
Q

Diplegia

A

Similar body parts are affected on both sides of the body.

129
Q

Disability

A

Any lost, absent, or impaired physical or mental function.

130
Q

Inherited

A

That which is passed down from parents to children.

131
Q

Intellectual disability

A

Involves severe limits in intellectual function and adaptive behavior occurring before age 18.

132
Q

Spastic

A

Uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles.

133
Q

Activities of daily living (ADL)

A

The activities usually done during a normal day in a person’s life.

134
Q

Prosthesis

A

An artificial replacement for a missing body part.

135
Q

Rehabilitation

A

The process of restoring the person to his or her highest possible level of physical, psychological, social, and economic function.

136
Q

Restorative aide

A

A nursing assistant with special training in restorative nursing and rehabilitation skills.

137
Q

Restorative nursing care

A

Care that helps persons regain health, strength, and independence.

138
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

A life-threatening sensitivity to an antigen.

139
Q

Cardiac arrest (SCA)

A

The heart stops suddenly and without warning

140
Q

Convulsion (Seizure)

A

Violent and sudden contractions or tremors of muscle groups.

141
Q

Fainting

A

The Suden loss of consciousness from an inadequate blood supply to the brain.

142
Q

First aid

A

Emergency care given to an ill or injured person before medical help arrives.

143
Q

Hemorrhage

A

The excessive loss of blood in a short time

144
Q

Respiratory arrest

A

Breathing stops but heart action continues for several minutes.

145
Q

Shock

A

Results when organs and tissues do not get enough blood.

146
Q

Advance directive

A

A document stating a person’s wishes about health care when that person cannot make his or her own decisions.

147
Q

Autopsy

A

The examination of the body after death.

148
Q

End of life care

A

The supper rand care given during the time surrounding death.

149
Q

Palliative care

A

Care that involves relieving or reducing the intensity of uncomfortable symptoms without producing a care.

150
Q

Post-mortem care

A

Care of the body after death

151
Q

Reincarnation

A

The belief that the spirit or soul is reborn in another human body or in another form of life.

152
Q

Rigor mortis

A

The stiffness or rigidity of skeletal muscles that occurs after death.

153
Q

Terminal illness

A

An illness or injury from which the person will not likely recover.

154
Q

What does restorative care focus on?

A
  1. Helping client remain independent
  2. Short, achievable goals
  3. Increase quality of life
155
Q

Hospice care

A

Comfort and support for people who are terminally ill.

156
Q

What is validation theory?

A

Instead of reorienting patient, seek to comfort and redirect patient in a calm manner.

CNA (2 decks)

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