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CNA > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

Prepare for CNA Quiz 3.

1
Q

Fowler’s Position

A

A semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees.

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2
Q

Full visual privacy

A

Having the means to be completely free from public view while in bed.

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3
Q

High-Fowler’s position

A

A semi-sitting position, the head of the bed is raised 60 to 90 degrees

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4
Q

Resident unit

A

The personal space, furniture, and equipment provided for the person by the nursing center.

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5
Q

Reverse Trendelenburg’s position

A

The head of the bed is raised and the foot of the bed is lowered.

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6
Q

Semi-Fowler’s position

A

The head of the bed is raised 30 degrees; or the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees and the knee portion is raised 15 degrees

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7
Q

Trendelenburg’s position

A

The head of the bed is lowered and the foot of the bed is raised.

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8
Q

Cotton drawsheet

A

A drawsheet made of cotton; it helps keep the mattress and bottom linens clean.

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9
Q

Drawsheet

A

A small sheet placed over the middle of the bottom sheet

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10
Q

Waterproof drawsheet

A

A drawsheet made of plastic, rubber, or absorbent material used to protect the mattress and bottom linens from dampness and soiling.

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11
Q

Early morning care (AM care)

A

Care given before breakfast.

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12
Q

Aspiration

A

Breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs.

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13
Q

Denture

A

an artificial tooth or a set of artificial teeth

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14
Q

Evening Care (PM care)

A

Care given in the evening at bedtime; PM care

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15
Q

Morning care

A

Care given after breakfast; hygiene measures are more thorough at this time.

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16
Q

Oral hygiene

A

Mouth care

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17
Q

Perineal care

A

Cleaning the genital and anal areas; pericare

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18
Q

Plaque

A

A thin film that sticks to the teeth; it contains saliva, microbes, and other substances

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19
Q

Tartar

A

Hardened plaque

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20
Q

Alopecia

A

Hair loss

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21
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A drug that prevents or slows down blood clotting

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22
Q

Dandruff

A

Excessive amounts of dry, white flakes from the scalp

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23
Q

Hirsutism

A

Excessive body hair

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24
Q

Lice (Pediculosis)

A

Infestation with wingless insects

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25
Q

Mite

A

A very small spider-like organism

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26
Q

Pediculosis capitis

A

Infestation of the scalp with lice; head lice

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27
Q

Pediculosis corporis

A

Infestation of the body with lice

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28
Q

Pediculosis pubis

A

Infestation of the pubic hair with lice

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29
Q

Catheter

A

A tube used to drain or inject fluid through a body opening

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30
Q

Catheterization

A

The process of inserting a catheter

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31
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful or difficult urination

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32
Q

Foley catheter (Indwelling catheter)

A

A catheter left in the bladder so urine drains constantly into a drainage bag; retention

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33
Q

Micturition (urination)

A

The process of emptying urine from the bladder; voiding

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34
Q

Nocturia

A

Frequent urination at night

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35
Q

Mixed incontinence

A

The combination of stress incontinence and urge incontinence

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36
Q

Oliguria

A

Scant amount of urine; less than 500 mL in 24 hours

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37
Q

Overflow incontinence

A

Small amounts of urine leak from a full bladder

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38
Q

Polyruria

A

Abnormally large amounts of urine

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39
Q

Reflex incontinence

A

Urine is lost at predictable intervals when the bladder is full

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40
Q

Straight catheter

A

A catheter that drains the bladder and then is removed

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41
Q

Stress incontinence

A

When urine leaks during exercise and certain movements that cause pressure on the bladder.

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42
Q

Transient incontinecne

A

Temporary or occasional incontinence that is reversed when the cause is treated

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43
Q

Urge incontinence

A

The loss of urine in response to a sudden, urgent need to void; the person cannot get to a toilet in time.

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44
Q

Urinary frequency

A

Voiding at frequent intervals

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45
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

The involuntary loss or leakage of urine

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46
Q

Urinary urgency

A

The need to void at once

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47
Q

Colostomy

A

A surgically created opening between the colon and abdominal wall

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48
Q

Constipation

A

The passage of award, dry stool

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49
Q

Defecation

A

The process of excreting feces from the rectum through the anus; a bowl movement

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50
Q

Dehydration

A

The excessive loss of water from tissues

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51
Q

Diarrhea

A

The frequent passage of liquid stools

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52
Q

Enema

A

The introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon

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53
Q

Fecal impaction

A

The prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectum

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54
Q

Fecal incontinence

A

the inability to control the passage of feces and gas through the anus.

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55
Q

Flatulence

A

the excessive formation of gas or air in the stomach and intestines

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56
Q

Flatus

A

Gas or air passed through the anus

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57
Q

Ileostomy

A

A surgically created opening between the ileum (small intestine) and the abdominal wall.

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58
Q

Ostomy

A

A surgically created opening for the elimination of body wastes

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59
Q

Peristalsis

A

The alternating contraction and relaxation of intestinal muscles

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60
Q

Stoma

A

An opening that can be seen through the abdominal wall.

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61
Q

Stool

A

Excreted feces

62
Q

Suppository

A

A cone-shaped, solid drug that is inserted into a body opening; it melts at body temperature

63
Q

Anorexia

A

The loss of appetite

64
Q

Calorie

A

The fuel or energy value of food

65
Q

Daily Value (DV)

A

How a serving fits into the daily diet; expressed in a percent based on a daily diet of 2000 calories.

66
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

67
Q

Edema

A

The swelling of body tissues with water

68
Q

Graduate (cylinder)

A

A measuring container for fluid

69
Q

Intake

A

The amount of fluid taken in

70
Q

Nutrient

A

A substance that is ingested, digested, absorbed, and used but the body

71
Q

Nutrition

A

The processes involved int eh ingestion, digestion, absorption, and used of foods and fluids by the body

72
Q

Output

A

The amount of fluid lost

73
Q

Enteral nutrition

A

Giving nutrients into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through a feeding tube

74
Q

Flow rate

A

the number of drops per minute

75
Q

Gastrostomy tube

A

A tube inserted through a surgically created opening (stomy) in the stomach; stomach tube

76
Q

Gavage

A

The process of giving a tube feeding

77
Q

Intravenous therapy (IV)

A

Giving fluids through a needle or catheter inserted into a vein

78
Q

Jejunostomy tube

A

A feeding tube inserted into a surgically created opening in the jejunum of the small intestine.

79
Q

Naso-enteral tube

A

a feeding tube inserted throughout the nose into the small bowel

80
Q

Naso-gastric tube (NG)

A

A feeding tube inserted through the nose into the stomach.

81
Q

Parenteral nutrition

A

Giving nutrients through a catheter inserted into a vein

82
Q

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy (PEG) tube

A

A feeding tube inserted into the stomach through a small incision made through the skin; a lighted instrument is used to see inside a body cavity or organ

83
Q

Regurgitation

A

The backward flow of stomach contents into the mouth

84
Q

Abduction

A

moving a body part away from the midline of the body

85
Q

Adduction

A

moving a body part toward the midline of the body

86
Q

Ambulation

A

the act of walking

87
Q

Atrophy

A

The decrease in size or the wasting away of tissue

88
Q

Contracture

A

The lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of a muscle

89
Q

Deconditioning

A

The loss of muscle strength from inactivity

90
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Bending the toes and foot up at the ankle

91
Q

Extension

A

Straightening a body part

92
Q

External rotation

A

Turning the joint outward

93
Q

Flexion

A

Bending a body part

94
Q

Footdrop

A

The foot falls down at the ankle; permanent plantar flexion

95
Q

Hyperextension

A

Excessive straightening of a body part

96
Q

Internal rotation

A

Turning the joint inward

97
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Abnormally low blood pressure when the person suddenly stands up; postural hypotension

98
Q

Plantar flexion

A

The foot is bent; bending the foot down at the ankle

99
Q

Pronation

A

Turning the joint downward

100
Q

Range of motion (ROM)

A

The movement of a joint to the extent possible without causing pain

101
Q

Rotation

A

Turning the joint

102
Q

Supination

A

Turning the joint upward

103
Q

Syncope

A

A brief loss of consciousness; fainting

104
Q

Acute pain

A

Pain that is felt suddenly from injury, disease, trauma, or surgery

105
Q

Chronic pain

A

Pain that continues for a long time or occurs off and on

106
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

Daily rhythm based on a 24 hour cycle; the day-night cycle or body rhythm

107
Q

Comfort

A

A state of well-being; the person has no physical or emotional pain and is calm and at peace

108
Q

Distraction

A

To change the person’s center of attention

109
Q

Enuresis

A

urinary incontinence in bed at night

110
Q

Guided imagery

A

Creating and focusing on an image

111
Q

Insomnia

A

A chronic condition in which the person cannot sleep or stay asleep all night

112
Q

NREM sleep

A

the phase of sleep when there is no rapid eye movement; non-REM sleep

113
Q

Pain

A

To ache, hurt, or be sore; discomfort

114
Q

Phantom pain

A

Pain felt in a body part that is no longer there

115
Q

Radiating pain

A

pain felt at the site of tissue damage and in nearby areas

116
Q

Relaxation

A

To be freer from mental and physical stress

117
Q

REM sleep

A

The phase of sleep when there is rapid eye movement

118
Q

Rest

A

To be calm, at ease, and relaxed; no anxiety or stress

119
Q

Sleep

A

A state of unconsciousness, reduced voluntary muscle activity, and lowered metabolism

120
Q

Allergy

A

A sensitivity to a substance that causes the body to react with signs and symptoms.

121
Q

Apnea

A

The lack or absence of breathing

122
Q

Biot’s respirations

A

Rapid and deep respirations followed by 10 to 30 seconds of apnea.

123
Q

Bradypnea

A

Slow breathing; respirations are lower than 12/minute

124
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

Respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and thence become shallow and slow; breathing may stop for 10 to 20 seconds.

125
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish color to the skin, lips, mucous membranes, and nail beds

126
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult, labored, or painful breathing

127
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Bloody sputum

128
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Respirations are rapid and deeper than normal

129
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Respirations are slow, shallow, and sometimes irregular

130
Q

Hypoxemia

A

A reduced amount of oxygen in the blood.

131
Q

Hypoxia

A

Cells do not have enough oxygen

132
Q

Kussmaul respirations

A

Very deep and rapid respirations

133
Q

Orthopnea

A

Breathing deeply and comfortably only when sitting

134
Q

Othopneic position

A

Sitting up and leaning over a table to breathe

135
Q

Oxygen concentration

A

The amount of hemoglobin containing oxygen

136
Q

Pollutant

A

A harmful chemical or substance in the air or water

137
Q

Respiratory arrest

A

When breathing stops

138
Q

Respiratory depression

A

Slow, weak respirations at a rate of fewer than 12 per minute.

139
Q

Sputum

A

Mucus from the respiratory system that is expectorated through the mouth

140
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid breathing; respirations more than 20 per minute.

141
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural space

142
Q

Intubation

A

Inserting an artificial airway

143
Q

Mechanical ventilation

A

Using a machine to move air into and out of the lungs

144
Q

Patent

A

Open and unblocked

145
Q

Pleural effusion

A

The escape and collection of fluid in the pleural space

146
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural space

147
Q

Suction

A

the process of withdrawing or sucking up fluid

148
Q

Tracheostomy

A

A surgically created opening into the trachea

149
Q

Assisted living

A

A housing option for older persons who need help with activities of daily living yet wish to remain independent as long as possible.

150
Q

Medication reminder

A

Reminding he person to take drugs, observing them being taken as prescribed, and charting that they were taken

151
Q

Service plan

A

A written plan listing the services needed by the person, how much help is need, and who provides the services.

CNA (2 decks)

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