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Gross Anatomy 1 Lower Extremity > quiz 4 > Flashcards

quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

tibial (medial) collateral ligament function

A

resist forces that push the knee medially

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2
Q

what does tibial (medial) collateral ligament prevent?

A

valgus knee

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3
Q

fibular (lateral) collateral ligament function

A

resist forces that push the knee laterally

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4
Q

what does fibular (lateral) collateral ligament prevent?

A

varus knee

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5
Q

posterior cruciate ligament function

A

prevent anterior displacement of femur on tibia

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6
Q

anterior cruciate ligament function

A

prevents posterior displacement of femur on tibia

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7
Q

terrible triad of o’donoghue

A

injury to MCL, ACL, and medial meniscus

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8
Q

1st degree ligament injury

A

mild, no joint instability

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9
Q

2nd degree ligament injury

A

partial tear, some joint stability

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10
Q

3rd degree ligament injury

A

severe tear, joint instability, surgery needed

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11
Q

superior tibiofibular joint classification

A

synovial/planar/triaxial

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12
Q

middle tibiofibular joint classification

A

syndesmosis/interosseous membrane

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13
Q

distal tibiofibular joint classification

A

syndesmosis/tibiofibular ligament

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14
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

lateral condyle + lateral tibia, interosseous membrane

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15
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

medial + plantar surfaces of metatarsal 1 or cuneiform bone 1

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16
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

deep fibular n

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17
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

dorsiflexion + inversion

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18
Q

extensor hallucis longus origin

A

medial fibula + interosseous membrane

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19
Q

extensor hallucis longus insertion

A

dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe

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20
Q

extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

deep fibular n

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21
Q

extensor hallucis longus action

A

extension of interphalangeal joint of hallux (great toe)

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22
Q

extensor digitorium longus origin

A

lateral condyle of tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane

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23
Q

extensor digitorium longus insertion

A

distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

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24
Q

extensor digitorium longus innervation

A

deep fibular n

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25
Q

extensor digitorium longus action

A

ankle dorsiflexion, extension of lateral 4 digits

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26
Q

fibularis tertius origin

A

distal 1/3 of anterior fibula + interosseous membrane

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27
Q

fibularis tertius insertion

A

dorsal surface of base of metatarsal 5

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28
Q

fibularis tertius innervation

A

deep fibular n

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29
Q

fibularis tertius action

A

eversion + weak dorsiflexion. proprioceptive role in sudden inversion (wobbly ankles)

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30
Q

fibularis longus origin

A

head + proximal 3/4 of lateral fibula

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31
Q

fibularis longus insertion

A

lateral malleolar groove to lateral part of metatarsal 1 + cuniform 1+ cuboid bone

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32
Q

fibularis longus innervation

A

superficial fibular n (peroneal n)

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33
Q

fibularis longus action

A

eversion

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34
Q

fibularis brevis origin

A

distal 1/3 of lateral fibula

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35
Q

fibularis brevis insertion

A

lateral part of base of metatarsal 5

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36
Q

fibularis brevis innervation

A

superficial fibular n

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37
Q

fibularis brevis action

A

eversion

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38
Q

gastrocnemius medial head origin

A

medial supracondylar line

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39
Q

gastrocnemius lateral head origin

A

lateral supracondylar line of femur

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40
Q

gastrocnemius insertion

A

calcaneal tuberosity by achilles tendon

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41
Q

gastrocnemius innervation

A

tibial n

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42
Q

gastrocnemius action

A

plantarflexion + initiates knee flexion

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43
Q

soleus origin

A

posterior proximal 1/3 of fibula + soleal line + medial tibia

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44
Q

soleus insertion

A

calcaneal tuberosity

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45
Q

soleus innervation

A

tibial n

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46
Q

soleus action

A

plantar flexion

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47
Q

plantaris origin

A

lateral supra epicondyle of femur

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48
Q

plantaris insertion

A

calcaneal tuberosity along achilles tendon

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49
Q

plantaris innervation

A

tibial n

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50
Q

plantaris action

A

weak plantar flexion

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51
Q

popliteus origin

A

lateral condyle of femur

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52
Q

popliteus insertion

A

posterior proximal tibial above soleal line

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53
Q

popliteus innervation

A

tibial n

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54
Q

popliteus action

A

laterally rotates femur w/planted leg. medially rotates tibia w/flexed leg

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55
Q

flexor digitorium longus origin

A

posterior medial shaft tibia

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56
Q

flexor digitorium longus insertion

A

through medial malleolar groove to distal phalanges of digits 2-5

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57
Q

flexor digitorium longus innervation

A

tibial n

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58
Q

flexor digitorium longus action

A

flex DIPs of digits 2-4. assist in plantar flexion + inversion

59
Q

posterior tibialis origin

A

posterior interosseous membrane to fibula + medial tibia

60
Q

posterior tibialis insertion

A

through medial malleolar groove to tuberosity of navicular, calcaneus, 3 cuniforms, cuboid, 2-4 metatarsals

61
Q

posterior tibialis innervation

62
Q

posterior tibialis action

A

inversion + plantarflexion

63
Q

flexor hallucis longus origin

A

lower part of posterior fibula + interosseous membrane

64
Q

flexor hallucis longus insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

65
Q

flexor hallucis longus innervation

66
Q

flexor hallucis longus action

A

flex distal phalanx of great toe. plantar-flexion of ankle. inverts foot

67
Q

what are the 4 medial collateral ligaments? (ankle)

A

anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, + tibiocalcaneal

68
Q

4 medial collateral ligaments (ankle) function

A

resists eversion sprains

69
Q

what are the 3 lateral collateral ligaments? (ankle)

A

anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, + calcaneofibular

70
Q

3 lateral collateral ligaments (ankle) function

A

resists inversion sprains

71
Q

high ankle sprain

A

anterior tibiofibular ligament

72
Q

low ankle sprain

A

anterior talofibular ligament

73
Q

abductor hallucis origin

A

flexor retinaculum, medial calcaneal tuberosity, + plantar aponeurosis

74
Q

abductor hallucis insertion

A

medial base of proximal phalanx of great toe

75
Q

abductor hallucis innervation

A

medial plantar n

76
Q

abductor hallucis action

A

abducts + flexes hallux + maintains longitudinal arch

77
Q

flexor digitorium brevis origin

A

medial + lateral calcaneal tuberosity + plantar aponeurosis

78
Q

flexor digitorium brevis insertion

A

lateral + medial bases of middle phalanx of digits 2-5

79
Q

flexor digitorium brevis innervation

A

medial plantar n

80
Q

flexor digitorium brevis action

A

flex digits 2-5

81
Q

abductor digiti minimi origin

A

medial + lateral calcaneal tuberosity + plantar aponeurosis

82
Q

abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

lateral base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

83
Q

abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

lateral plantar n

84
Q

abductor digiti minimi actions

A

abduct + flex little toe

85
Q

quadratus plantae origin

A

calcaneus + long plantar ligament (calcaneal-cuboid)

86
Q

quadratus plantae insertion

A

tendon of flexor digitorum longus

87
Q

quadratus plantae innervation

A

lateral plantar n

88
Q

quadratus plantae action

A

assists FDL to flex digits 2-5

89
Q

lumbricals origin

A

tendon of FDL

90
Q

lumbricals insertion

A

medial digital expansion over digits 2-5

91
Q

lumbrical 1 innervation

A

medial plantar n

92
Q

lumbricals 2/3/4 innervation

A

lateral plantar n

93
Q

lumbricals action

A

flex proximal phalanxes + extend middle + distal phalanxes 2-5

94
Q

flexor hallucis brevis origin

A

cuboid, lateral cuneiform, tendon of posterior tibialis

95
Q

flexor hallucis brevis insertion

A

two tendons on side of base of proximal phalanx of hallux

96
Q

flexor hallucis brevis innervation

A

medial plantar n

97
Q

flexor hallucis brevis action

A

flex metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe

98
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

A

base of 5th metatarsal + tendon of posterior tibialis

99
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

100
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

lateral plantar n

101
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

A

flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe

102
Q

adductor hallucis transverse head origin

A

medial calcaneal tuberosity

103
Q

adductor hallucis oblique head origin

A

bases of metatarsals 2-4 + fibularis longus tendon

104
Q

adductor hallucis insertion

A

base of proximal phalanx of hallux

105
Q

adductor hallucis innervation

A

lateral plantar n

106
Q

adductor hallucis action

A

adduction + flexion of hallux

107
Q

plantar interossei (3PAD) origin

A

bases and medial shafts of metatarsals 3-5

108
Q

plantar interossei (3PAD) insertion

A

proximal phalanxes 3-5 and medial digital dorsal expansion

109
Q

plantar interossei (3PAD) innervation

A

lateral plantar n

110
Q

plantar interossei (3PAD) action

A

adduct digits 3-5 and assist lumbricals

111
Q

dorsal interossei (4DAB) origin

A

2 heads from metatarsal shafts

112
Q

dorsal interossei (4DAB) insertion

A

dorsal digital expansions of digits 2-4

113
Q

dorsal interossei (4DAB) innervation

A

lateral plantar n

114
Q

dorsal interossei (4DAB) action

A

abduct digits 2-4 and assist lumbricals

115
Q

extensor hallucis brevis origin

A

dorsal calcaneus

116
Q

extensor hallucis brevis insertion

A

lateral base of proximal phalanx of great toe

117
Q

extensor hallucis brevis innervation

A

deep fibular n

118
Q

extensor hallucis brevis action

A

extends toes

119
Q

extensor digitorum brevis origin

A

dorsal + lateral calcaneus

120
Q

extensor digitorum brevis insertion

A

extensor expansions for digits 2-4

121
Q

extensor digitorum brevis innervation

A

deep fibular n

122
Q

extensor digitorum brevis action

A

extend toes

123
Q

plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)

A

between calcaneus + navicular bone

124
Q

plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short ligament)

A

between calcaneus + cuboid bone

125
Q

long plantar ligament

A

between calcaneus, cuboid, + metatarsals 2-5

126
Q

medial longitudinal arch

A

starts at calcaneus. crosses talus, navicular bone, 3 cuneiforms, + metatarsal bases of digits 1-3

127
Q

lateral longitudinal arch

A

starts at calcaneus. crosses cuboid + metatarsal bases of digits 4-5

128
Q

transverse arch

A

crosses cuboid, 3 cuneiforms, metatarsal bases of digits 1-5

129
Q

tibio femoral joint classification

A

synovial/hinge/biaxial

130
Q

tibio femoral joint classification with meniscus

A

synovial/condylar/biaxial

131
Q

talo-crural joint classification

A

synovial/hinge/uniaxial

132
Q

intertarsal joint classification

A

synovial/planar/triaxial

133
Q

subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint classification

A

synovial/planar/triaxial

134
Q

calcaneocuboid joint classification

A

synovial/planar/triaxial

135
Q

talocalcaneo navicular joint classification

A

synovial/ball + socket/triaxial

136
Q

talonavicular joint classification

A

synovial/saddle/biaxial

137
Q

tarsometatarsal (digits 1-5) joint classification

A

synovial/planar/triaxial

138
Q

metatarsophalangeal (1-5 MTP) joint classification

A

synovial/condylar, ellipsoid/biaxial

139
Q

interphalangeal (1-5 PIP + DIP) joint classification

A

synovial/hinge/uniaxial

140
Q

tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of tibial n in tarsal tunnel

141
Q

tarsal tunnel contents

A

posterior tibialis tendon, flexor digitorium longus tendon, flexor hallucis longus tendon, tibial n

142
Q

tarsal tunnel roof

A

flexor retinaculum

143
Q

tarsal tunnel inferior border

A

calcaneous bone

144
Q

tarsal tunnel superior border

A

medial malleolus

Gross Anatomy 1 Lower Extremity (5 decks)

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