Quiz 4/18/23 Flashcards
What enzyme does the chromatin remodeling complex have?
Contains DNA translocases
DNA translocases has a catalytic _______________
ATPase subunit
SWI/SNF family is a part of which complex?
Chromatin remodeling complex
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling does what three things?
- Change in nucleosome position
- Histone eviction
- Replacement with histone variants (histone dimer exchange)
What are histone variants?
Mutated histone proteins
All histones have variants except
Histone H4
What happened to H1
Is a linker histone that is not part of the complex
What are the outcomes of chromatin remodeling?
- Repositioning
- Eviction
- Dimer exchange
Define Histone code hypothesis
Transcription is partly controlled by chemical modifications of histone proteins
The pattern of histone modifications act like a ____ or ____________
code, language
Where do covalent modifications occur?
On amino-terminal tails of histones
Histone modification directs certain ____________ in ______________________
alterations, chromatin structure
What does ChIP-Seq stand for?
chromatin immunoprecipitation sequence
The ChIP-Seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation sequence) allows for the determination of what three things?
- Nucleosome location
- Location of histone variants
- Location of where covalent modification of histones occurs
What is the procedure of ChIP-Seq (6 steps)
- Treat cells with formaldehyde to crosslink between DNA and histone of nucleosomes
- Ruptrue the cell and treat with micrococcal nuclease, which cuts linkers from nucleosomes
- Add histone antibody-treated bead to precipitate nucleosomes
- Isolate linker DNAs or nucleosome DNAs via centrifugation and electrophoresis
- Add short and known DNA sequences at both ends of isolated DNA
- Run PCR