quiz 4 Flashcards
What do proteases break down and what is produced?
Proteins to amino acids.
What is digestion of food?
Breaking down large, complex food molecules into smaller ones
What is the name of the enzyme that digests carbohydrates?
Amylase (a type of carbohydrase)
How do statins treat coronary heart disease?
Decreases the blood concentration of cholesterol, which reduces build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries.
What is the component of blood called that carries all of the blood cells in it?
Plasma
Give an adaptation of the small intestine which improve absorption of digested molecules.
Structures called villi increase the surface area for increased diffusion into the blood
What do red blood cells contain that allows them to carry oxygen?
Haemoglobin.
Name the two structures which branch off from the Trachea.
Bronchi (singular: bronchus).
What are two functions of saliva in digestion?
- To moisten food to allow easier swallowing. 2. To start chemical digestion by enzymes.
What separates the lungs from the abdomen (lower part of body)?
The diaphragm
What are the small gas exchange structures in the lungs called?
Alveoli (singular: alveolus).
How do stents treat coronary heart disease?
Re-opens the blocked coronary artery, restoring blood flow.
Name the structure which carries air from the nose and mouth to the lungs
Trachea
Name two key adaptations of capillaries.
very thin wall (1 cell thick) and narrow
Name the blood vessel by which blood leaves the heart to the lungs.
pulmonary artery
