Quiz 4 Flashcards
1
Q
altruistic behavior
A
- an action that benefits someone other than the actor
- a gene that encourages this would help other individuals survive and spread their genes, at the possible cost of the altruistic individual
2
Q
chromosome
A
- strands of genes that come in pairs
- aligned with genes that also come in pairs
- composed of DNA
3
Q
dizygotic (“from two eggs”) twins
A
- fraternal twins
4
Q
epigenetics
A
- a field concerned with changes in gene expression without the modification of the DNA sequence
5
Q
heritability
A
- refers to how much characteristics depend on genetic differences
6
Q
evolutionary psychology
A
- field that deals with how behaviors evolved
7
Q
sex-linked genes
A
- genes located on the sex chromosomes
- refers to x-linked genes e.g. red-green color deficiency
8
Q
monozygotic (“from one egg”) twins
A
-
9
Q
monozygotic (“from one egg”) twins
A
- identical twins
10
Q
fetal alcohol syndrome
A
-
11
Q
myelination
A
-
12
Q
neural Darwinism
A
-
13
Q
differentiates (differentiation)
A
- the forming of the axon and dendrites that gives
the neuron its distinctive shape
14
Q
fetal alcohol syndrome
A
- a condition that children are born with if the mother drinks heavily during pregnancy
- dendrites of children born with this are short with few branches
15
Q
myelination
A
- the process by which glia produce the fatty sheath
that covers the axons of some neurons
16
Q
neural Darwinism
A
- the idea of the selection process of neural connection
- in this competition among synaptic connections, we
initially form more connections than we need - the most successful axon connections and
combinations survive while the others fail to sustain
active synapses
17
Q
stem cells
A
- undifferentiated cells found in the interior
of the brain that generate “daughter cells” that can
transform into glia or neurons
18
Q
cerebrovascular accident
A
- temporary loss of blood flow to the brain
19
Q
hemorrhage
A
- a less frequent type of stroke resulting from a ruptured artery
20
Q
stroke
A
- temporary loss of blood flow to the brain
- ischemia: the most common type of stroke, resulting from a blood clot or obstruction of an artery
