Quiz 3 - Pathophysiology and Medication Administration Flashcards
Foreign material such as bacteria and other microorganisms are engulfed and destroyed by:
A. phagocytes.
B. basophils.
C. lymphocytes.
D. eosinophils
A. phagocytes.
Aspirin and NSAIDs reduce inflammation and pain by:
A. thinning the blood and reducing platelets.
B. promoting mast cell synthesis of prostaglandins.
C. decreasing circulating pyrogen levels.
D. inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
D. inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
Cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid are MOST appropriately classified as ____________ fluids.
A. interstitial
B. extracellular
C. intracellular
D. intravascular
A. interstitial
Cations are electrolytes that have an overall __________ charge, and anions are electrolytes that have an overall ___________ charge.
A. positive, negative
B. negative, neutral
C. negative, positive
D. neutral, positive
A. positive, negative
Gross distortions of reality, withdrawal from social contacts, and bizarre behavior are MOST characteristic
of:
A. schizophrenia.
B. bipolar disorder.
C. depression.
D. obsessive-compulsive disorder
A. schizophrenia.
Apoptosis is defined as:
A. premature cell death.
B. hypoxic cell death.
C. normal cell death.
D. pathologic cell death.
C. normal cell death.
Approximately 20 minutes after starting an IV on a 40-year-old man, he begins complaining of a backache
and chills. You should be MOST suspicious of:
A. an air embolus.
B. circulatory overload.
C. a pyrogenic reaction.
D. an allergic reaction.
C. a pyrogenic reaction.
Enlargement of the left ventricle due to chronically elevated blood pressure is called:
A. atrophy.
B. dysplasia.
C. hyperplasia.
D. hypertrophy.
D. hypertrophy.
The MOST important point to remember about IV therapy is to:
A. keep the IV equipment sterile.
B. locate the largest vein.
C. wear two pairs of gloves.
D. prepare all supplies ahead of time.
A. keep the IV equipment sterile.
Administering large amounts of an isotonic crystalloid solution to a patient with internal bleeding would MOST likely:
A. expand the vascular space and improve systemic perfusion.
B. increase the severity of internal bleeding by interfering with hemostasis.
C. cause acute hypotension as fluid is drawn from the vascular space.
D. change the ratio of hemoglobin and red blood cells.
B. increase the severity of internal bleeding by interfering with hemostasis.
The induction phase of the immune response begins when:
A. the body is initially exposed to a foreign substance.
B. an antibody binds to a specific antigen and destroys it.
C. biologic mediators release histamine and other chemicals.
D. part of the immune system recognizes an antigen.
D. part of the immune system recognizes an antigen.
Colloid solutions:
A. include solutions such as lactated Ringer’s and normal saline and rapidly expand the intravascular compartment.
B. do not contain large molecules and are therefore ineffective in expanding the intravascular compartment.
C. are safe to use in the prehospital setting because they rapidly and effectively expand the intravascular compartment.
D. contain proteins that are too large to pass out of the capillary membranes, so the solutions remain in the vascular compartment.
D. contain proteins that are too large to pass out of the capillary membranes, so the solutions remain in the vascular compartment.
What disease is characterized by erosions in the mucous membrane lining of the gastrointestinal tract, specifically the stomach?
A. Crohn’s disease
B. Cholecystitis
C. Peptic ulcer disease
D. Cholethiasis
C. Peptic ulcer disease
The site on a patient’s forearm that has been cleaned with iodine and alcohol before starting an IV is said to be:
A. sterile.
B. medically clean.
C. disinfected.
D. autoclaved.
B. medically clean.
A patient with kidney or liver failure would MOST likely develop:
A. cellular shrinkage and death.
B. severe dehydration.
C. an increase in isotonic fluid.
D. excessive hypertonic fluid levels.
C. an increase in isotonic fluid.
After administering Fentanyl, a controlled medication, to a patient for severe pain, you should:
A. properly dispose of any remaining medication and ask your partner to sign as the person who wasted the medication.
B. discard any medication that was not used and document the amount you wasted on the patient care report.
C. ensure that any unused medication is disposed of properly and then have the patient’s family member sign as a witness.
D. have your partner or a supervisor witness you properly disposing of any of the unused medication and then sign as a witness.
D. have your partner or a supervisor witness you properly disposing of any of the unused medication and then sign as a witness.
While consulting with the attending physician at the receiving facility about a patient with symptomatic bradycardia, the physician orders you to administer 0.5mg/kg of atropine to the patient. After recognizing that this is an inappropriate dose of atropine, you should:
A. ask the physician to repeat the order.
B. confirm the correct dose in your field guide.
C. refuse to administer the ordered dose.
D. contact your medical director at once.
A. ask the physician to repeat the order.
Which of the following processes occurs during multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
A. MODS activates the kallikrein-kinin system, which stimulates the release of bradykinin, a potent vasoconstrictor
B. Vascular endothelial damage causes depression of the coagulation system, which causes the blood to clot
C. The liver produces too little of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase
D. The ischemic pancreas releases myocardial depressant factor, which impairs cardiac contractility
D. The ischemic pancreas releases myocardial depressant factor, which impairs cardiac contractility
Which of the following disease processes would MOST likely cause delayed or dysfunctional wound healing?
A. Diabetes
B. Hypertension
C. Heart disease
D. Hypothyroidism
A. Diabetes