Quiz 3: Glossopharyngeal & Vagus N. Flashcards
What types of information is carried in the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Motor, General Sensory, Parasympathetic Visceral Sensory and Special Sensory
T/F: C.N. IX is classified as a mixed cranial nerve.
True
Where does C.N. IX (glossopharyngeal) carry motor innervation?
Stylopharyngeus Muscle
Where does C.N. IX carry sensory information from?
Nasopharynx, oropharynx and taste information from the tongue posterior to the sulcus terminalis, uvula, and palatine tonsils. General sensation is also carried from the tympanic cavity.
Where does C.N. IX carry parasympathetic info to?
The parotid, buccal & inferior labial glands
The motor fibers carried in the glossopharyngeal nerve arise from cell bodies located in the ___________ part of the _________ ___________.
Superior, Nucleus Ambiguus
Nucleus of origin fibers carried to the nucleus ambiguus are carried in which cranial nerves?
IX, X and XI
The motor fibers carried in the glossopharyngeal nerve are catergorized as ____________ instead of somatic motor.
Branchiomotor (speaks to embryology of target)
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CN IX arise from the ______ ________ nucleus.
Inferior Salivary
Afferent, sensory fibers of CN IX terminate in the __________ nucleus.
Solitary (Recall CN VII)
There are how many peripheral ganglia associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve?
2
What are the two peripheral ganglia associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Superior ganglion and Inferior ganglion
Is the inferior ganglion or superior ganglion smaller?
Superior ganglion
T/F: The superior ganglion and inferior ganglion are usually thought of as two non-related individual nuclei.
False, the superior ganglion is usually thought of as a separated part of the inferior ganglion.
Where do parasympathetic fibers of CN IX synapse?
Otic ganglion
Where do general sensory neurons have their cell bodies in CN IX?
Inferior ganglion
From the inferior ganglion, sensory fibers signal are conveyed to CNS and fibers synapse in __________________________.
Spinal nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve
Taste information from the tongue posterior to the sulcus terminalis is carried in neurons from the _________ _______.
Inferior ganglion
Axons from special sensory cells (taste) synapse in the ________ part of the __________ nucleus after leaving the inferior ganglion (where cell bodies are located).
Superior; solitary
Some incoming fibers from the _________ ganglion synapse in the lower part of the solitary nucleus. These cells carry _______ ________ information from the carotid sinus and carotid body.
Inferior; visceral afferent
The _________ ________ contributes lower motor neurons to three cranial nerves (IX, X, XI).
Nucleus ambiguus
Axons from lower motor neurons carried in C.N. ____ will innervate the stylopharyngeus muscle.
IX
The inferior salivary nucleus gives rise to __________ ___________ axons carried in the glossopharyngeal nerve.
Preganglionic parasympathetic
Preganglionic parasympathetic axons carried in CN IX synapse in the ________ ganglion.
Otic
From the otic ganglion, postganglionic fibers supply what?
Parotid, buccal and inferior labial glands
What is the apparent origin of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Lateral aspect of Superior M.O.
Where does CN IX exit the skull?
Jugular Foramen
Where is the superior ganglion (of CN IX) located?
Inside the cranium
Where is the inferior ganglion (aka Petrosal ganglion) (of CN IX) located?
Beyond jugular foramen, outside the cranium
What do the fibers exiting the M.O. at the apparent origin of the glossopharyngeal nerve look like?
Rootlets present (rather than 1 large trunk).
The tympanic nerve arises from the _________ ganglion.
Inferior
The tympanic nerve carries ___________ __________ fibers as well as ___________ fibers.
Preganglionic parasympathetic, Sensory
Fibers carried by the tympanic nerve travel through the __________ __________ into the tympanic cavity.
Tympanic canaliculus
In the tympanic cavity, the tympanic nerve receives __________ __________ fibers from the superior cervical ganglion, forming the __________ _________.
Postganglionic sympathetic; tympanic plexus.
The tympanic plexus carries somatosensory information from where?
Tympanic cavity, pharyngotympanic tube, and mastoid air cells.
The preganglionic parasympathetic fibers pass through the tympanic plexus and reform as the ________ ________ nerve.
Lesser Petrosal
Where does the lesser petrosal nerve synapse?
Otic ganglion
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are carried from the otic ganglion in branches of CN ___ to the parotid, buccal and inferior labial glands.
V3
The carotid branch ascends from below and enters the nerve at the _________ ganglion.
Inferior
The carotid branch carries afferent information from ___________ in the carotid body and ___________ in the carotid sinus.
Chemoreceptors, Baroreceptors
Similar information to the carotid body and sinus carried in CN IX may be carried in CN _____.
X (Vagus), Redundancy.
Pharyngeal branches of CN IX convey sensory information from where?
Mucosa of the pharynx.
Pharyngeal branches (IX) will combine with some vagal branches to form the _______ ______ (near the ________ _______ ________.)
Pharyngeal plexus; middle pharyngeal plexus
The muscular branch leaves the glossopharyngeal nerve to supply the ___________ muscle.
Stylopharyngeus
Where do the remaining (terminal branches) of general sensory information in CN IX reach?
The oral cavity
Tonsillar branches of CN IX convey sensory information from where?
Palatine tonsils and oral mucosa
Lingual branches of CN IX carry general sensory and taste information from where?
The tongue, posterior to the sulcus terminalis
T/F: The vagus nerve is a mixed cranial nerve.
True, it carries motor, parasympathetic and sensory information including taste information from epiglottis.
What is the longest cranial nerve?
Vagus
What is the most important parasympathetic nerve?
Vagus
Motor fibers carried in the vagus nerve have cell bodies located in the _________ __________.
Nucleus ambiguus
T/F: The nucleus ambiguus receives information from both cerebral hemispheres?
True
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arise from the ________ ________ of the vagus.
Posterior (dorsal) nucleus
The dorsal nucleus of the vagus receives information indirectly from the ____________ and the ________ _____.
Hypothalamus, Carotid Sinus
Incoming somatic sensory information of vagus nerve terminates in the ________ ________ of CN V.
Spinal Nucleus
Taste and viscerosensory information of the Vagus N. terminates where?
Nucleus of the solitary tract
How many peripheral ganglia are associated with the vagus nerve?
2
Which peripheral ganglia are associated with the vagus nerve?
Superior and Inferior ganglia (Not the same superior and inferior ganglia previously discussed for CN IX)
What is another name for the superior ganglion?
Jugular Ganglion
What is another name for the inferior ganglion?
Nodose Ganglion
Somatic sensory information carried in neurons of the vagus nerve have cell bodies located in the ________ ________.
Superior Ganglion
Sensory information is carried from where in the vagus nerve?
dura (infratentorial/posterior fossa), auricle, external auditory canal, lateral tympanic membrane, and mucosa of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
Where is sensory information carried to (and synapses) in the vagus nerve?
Spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Taste from the epiglottis is carried where?
Superior part of the solitary nucleus
Neurons located where carry taste info from the epiglottis to the solitary nucleus in CN X?
Inferior ganglion
Visceral sensory information in the vagus nerve is carried where?
Inferior part of the solitary nucleus
Neurons located where carry visceral sensory info to the solitary nucleus in CN X?
Inferior ganglion
The vagus nerve carries visceral sensory information from where?
Larynx, laryngopharynx, viscera in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, pressure receptors in the aortic arch, and chemoreceptors in the para-aortic body.
The vagus nerve emerges from where?
Lateral aspect of M.O.
What is the appearance of the vagus nerve where is exits the M.O.?
Series of rootlets
The rootlets of the M.O. combine to form a trunk that gives off one branch before it exits the skull through the _______ ________.
Jugular foramen
A meningeal branch of the vagus nerve supplies what?
Dura of the posterior cranial fossa
The jugular foramen is compartmentalized by what?
A fibrous septum
The vagus nerve along with the ________ ______ travel anterior to the septum of the jugular foramen.
Accessory Nerve
The _________ nerve travels posterior to the septum.
Glossopharyngeal
The vagus and accessory nerves also share what?
A meningeal sheath (arachnoid and dura)
The superior ganglion is located where?
Jugular foramen
The inferior ganglion (cylindrically shaped) is located where?
Inferior to the jugular foramen
The auricular branch is given off where?
Superior ganglion
The auricular branch courses through what two locations to to reach the external auditory meatus?
Mastoid canaliculus & tympanomastoid fissure
The auricular branch carries sensory information for where?
External auditory meatus and a small portion of the auricle.
Upon exiting the jugular foramen, the vagus nerve travels inferiorly within the _______ ________.
Carotid sheath
When the vagus nerve travels within the carotid sheath it travels along with what two structures?
Internal carotid artery and Internal jugular vein
T/F: The vagus nerve travels between the jugular vein and common carotid artery inferior to the carotid bifurcation.
True
What are the main branches of the vagus nerve given off in the neck?
Pharyngeal branch, Branches to the carotid artery, Superior laryngeal nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior & inferior cardiac branches
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve leaves the nerve at the level of the _______ __________.
Inferior ganglion
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve will combine with what?
Fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve and with sympathetic fibers from the sympathetic trunk
What is formed when the pharyngeal branch (CN X) combines with glossopharyngeal fibers and sympathetic trunk fibers?
Pharyngeal plexus
Vagal fibers will provide motor supply to what?
Pharyngeal constrictor muscles and the levator veli palatine muscle of the soft palate
Branches to the carotid artery (of CN X) are also given off what?
Inferior ganglion
Branches to the carotid artery carry viscerosensory fibers that relay info from what?
Chemoreceptors in the carotid body to the inferior part of the solitary nucleus
The superior laryngeal nerve is given off just inferior to what?
Inferior ganglion
What does the superior laryngeal nerve divide into?
Internal and External Laryngeal Nerves
The external laryngeal nerve supplies what?
Motor supply to the cricothyroid muscle.
The internal laryngeal nerve carries sensory information from where?
Laryngeal mucosa as far inferior as the vocal folds
Where does the internal laryngeal nerve terminate?
Spinal nucleus of CN V
The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies what?
Motor fibers to all muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid. (Thyroarytenoid, Posterior cricoarytenoid, Lateral cricoarytenoid & arytenoid muscles)
The recurrent laryngeal nerve carries sensory information from where?
The larynx inferior to the vocal folds.
T/F: The recurrent laryngeal nerve follows the same path on each side.
False
On the left side the recurrent laryngeal nerve follows what path?
It comes off the vagus after the vagus passes in front of the aortic arch. It then passes under the aortic arch and ascends eventually becoming the inferior laryngeal nerve.
What does the inferior laryngeal nerve supply?
Laryngeal musculature
On the right side the recurrent laryngeal nerve follows what path?
It passes posteriorly under the subclavian artery before ascending.
T/F: The right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves supply the same thing.
True
The superior and inferior cardiac branches carry __________ information to the cardiac plexus.
Parasympathetic
The superior branches of the cardiac branches leave the vagus nerve and travel with what to the cardiac plexus?
The great vessels
The inferior branches of the cardiac branches are given off by what?
Recurrent laryngeal nerves
Where do the inferior branches of the cardiac branches travel to?
Cardiac Plexus
One branch of the cardiac branches will carry ___________ information concerning pressure of the wall of the aorta.
Viscerosensory
T/F: The viscerosensory branch of the cardiac branches is stimulated when aortic pressure becomes too low.
False, when aortic pressure becomes too high.
