Quiz 3

Question 1

Nature

Answer 1

Innate factors and biology determine development

Question 2

Nurture

Answer 2

Experience and environment influence development

Question 3

Modularity nativism nativist view

Answer 3

Nature as the driving force

Question 4

Modularity nativism: General intelligence hypothesis

Answer 4

Larger brains allow humans to perform cognitive functions more efficiently (examples: memory, learning, etc.)

Question 5

Modularity nativism: evolutionary importance

Answer 5

Humans have evolved specific perceptual and cognitive abilities essential for adaptation

Question 6

Modularity nativism: Adapted intelligence hypothesis

Answer 6

As with physical evolution, cognitive abilities also involved in response to specific environmental challenges

Question 7

Modularity nativism: Cultural intelligence hypothesis

Answer 7

Powerful cognitive skills humans possess are due to social cognitive skills emerge very early in life and are used to absorb the specialized skills and knowledge of their cultural group

Question 8

Modularity nativism: modularity

Answer 8

Domain Specific, The mind is made up of distinct but loosely connected modules, knowledge develops its own rate in each of these domains

Question 9

Evidence to support modularity nativism

Answer 9

Domain specific knowledge in infants, predisposition to learn language, death infants babbling, infants understanding biology, infants know numbers, infants moral reasoning

Question 10

The theory theory

Answer 10

a view of how concepts are structured, acquired, and deployed.

Question 11

Naive folk theories: theory theory

Answer 11

Children have theories about the world, even young infants have theories; mechanisms for constructing there must be innate

Question 12

Theories are:

Answer 12

Abstract, coherent, and internally consistent

Question 13

Theories are used to:

Answer 13

Make casual inferences and explanations, predict future events, explain previous events

Question 14

Theories our domain specific:

Answer 14

Capacity to abstract information is innate, allowing for emergence of theories and therefore capacities much earlier

Question 15

Classroom implications with the theory theory

Answer 15

Domains passivity, come to learning environment with prior knowledge

Question 16

Ecological systems theory

Answer 16

Bronfenbrenner; five environmental systems with which an individual interacts.

Question 17

Bronfenbrenner

Answer 17

Influence by Vygotsky and Kurt Lewis, developed in 70s and 80s

Question 18

4 original systems

Answer 18

Microsystem, mesosystem, Exosystem, macrosystem

Question 19

Microsystem

Answer 19

The child immediate environment, patterns, activities, rolls, interpersonal relations, settings

Question 20

Mesosystems

Answer 20

Connections between immediate environment, focus on changes in behavior as a child moves from one city to another example interaction between home and school

Question 21

Exosystems

Answer 21

Settings that indirectly affect the individual, setting individuals not directly in contact with but still has an influence on

Question 22

Macrosystem

Answer 22

The larger cultural context, culture laws norms economic conditions, eastern versus a western culture

Question 23

Chronosystem

Answer 23

The patterning of environmental events and transitions over the course of life of the individual

Question 24

Implications for development and education

Answer 24

Bi-directional interactions, outside influences and packed classrooms, community support systems for families like after school programs