Final

Question 1

Cognitive processes

Answer 1

Selection, Organization and Integration

Question 2

Selection

Answer 2

Paying attention to relevant elements in the presented material

Question 3

organization

Answer 3

Constructing internal connections among incoming elements

Question 4

Integration

Answer 4

Constructing external connections among representations and prior knowledge

Question 5

Contingency Contracting

Answer 5

One application of reinforcement techniques to a classroom situation. Teacher and Student make a contract that specifies which student activities will lead to rewards or punishments

Question 6

Contingency Contracting pros

Answer 6

Can improve student performance, must be consistent

Question 7

Contingency Contracting Cons

Answer 7

Students could rely on rewards, initiative could be lost if reward is gone, over justification

Question 8

Token Economies

Answer 8

earn little rewards that lead up to big rewards, social, material, tokens

Question 9

Token Economies Cons

Answer 9

may expect a reward, don’t take away something that is earned, Students interpretation of rewards is what matters

Question 10

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 10

give something to reinforce good behavior

Question 11

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 11

taking away something to reinforce behavior

Question 12

Punishment

Answer 12

Taking away or adding something to decrease behavior

Question 13

Advanced Organizers

Answer 13

Helps explain info that is already learned, Integration, prevented before learning that helps learner interpret and organize

Question 14

Signals

Answer 14

Tells you what is coming next, key terms, highlighted, helps reader create a mental map, Organization

Question 15

Adjunct Questions

Answer 15

Inserted questions that reflect known or unknown answers. Gives needed attention to key topics, Selection

Question 16

Growth Mindset

Answer 16

people believe that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work—brains and talent are just the starting point. This view creates a love of learning and a resilience that is essential for great accomplishment

Question 17

Fixed Mindset

Answer 17

people believe their basic qualities, like their intelligence or talent, are simply fixed traits

Question 18

Resilience

Answer 18

Being able to pick yourself back up again

Question 19

Grit

Answer 19

Being able to reach long term goals

Question 20

mnemonic strategies-Selection

Answer 20

association- grouping things that are related
organization- connect into a story
dual coding (keyword)- picture and word
adds meaning when no meaning exists

Question 21

Structure Strategies

Answer 21

Creating a schema, in the form of outlines, diagrams, and concept maps. Organization

Question 22

Generative Strategies

Answer 22

Leads to understanding fully, summarize, self assessment, answer in your own words

Question 23

Learning Strategies

Answer 23

Learning how to learn

Question 24

Attribution Theory

Answer 24

Locus (internal and external), Stability (Stable and unstable), Controllability (controllable and uncontrollable)

Question 25

Internal

Answer 25

ability and effort

Question 26

external

Answer 26

luck and task difficulty

Question 27

Stable

Answer 27

ability and task difficulty

Question 28

unstable

Answer 28

effort might change and luck

Question 29

Controllable

Answer 29

effort

Question 30

uncontrollable

Answer 30

luck, task difficulty, ability

Question 31

Self-Efficacy

Answer 31

Belief about ability to succeed in a specific skill, activity, etc. 4Ps. “If I won’t succeed I won’t try

Question 32

4ps

Answer 32

past performance, peer modeling, persuasion, psychological state

Question 33

intrinsic motivation

Answer 33

doing it cause you want to, internal

Question 34

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 34

doing it for something, external