Quiz 3 Flashcards
What is the epidemiological triangle?
the relationship between host, agent, and environment
What is a reservoir?
the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies
What is the portal of entry?
the manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host
What is the vehicle?
What carries the agent
What is the portal of exit?
path by which a pathogen leaves its host
What is an incubation period?
the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms
what is a subclinical illness?
an illness that doesn’t manifest any clinical symptoms
What is IRB?
institutional review board
What are the 3 levels of review?
Exempt
Expedited
Full Board
What are characteristics of an infectious disease?
Infectivity, Pathogenicity, Virulence, Toxigenicity, Resistance, Antigenicity
What is the Tuskegee study?
a study that was designed to record the natural history of syphilis in black people
Why is the Tuskegee study controversial?
There were no proven treatments for syphilis when the study began. When penicillin became the standard treatment for the disease in 1947 the medicine was withheld as a part of the treatment for both the experimental group and control group
how did the Tuskegee study end?
dozens of men had died and their wives, children and untold number of others had been infected. This set into motion international public outcry and a series of actions initiated by U.S. federal agencies
What is an exposure assessment?
focuses on the processes that take place at the interface between the environment containing the contaminant(s) of interest and the organism(s) being considered
who suggested yellow fever was transmitted by mosquitos?
Dr. Reed and Dr. Finlay
